Reactions, Acids And Bases Flashcards
Salt?
A substance in which the hydrogen of an acid has been replaced by a cation.
Hydrolysis of a salt?
A reaction of an ion (from a salt) with water. The pH of the salt solution is determined by the strength of the acid and base that have been used to form the salt.
Bronsted-Lowry Definition of an acid-base reaction?
A reaction that involves the transfer of protons (H+).
Bronsted-Lowry Definition of an acid?
An acid is a proton donor.
Strong acid?
An acid that ionises completely in an aqueous solution.
Weak acid?
An acid that only ionises partially in an aqueous solution. All organic acids are classified as weak acids.
Conjugate base?
The product formed or whatever is left over after an H+ has been donated. Compare from the acid reactant.
Bronsted-Lowry Definition of a base?
A base is a proton acceptor.
Strong base?
A base that dissociates completely in an aqueous solution. All Group 1 hydroxides are classified as strong bases.
Weak base?
A base that only dissociates partially in an aqueous solution.
Conjugate acid?
The product formed when an H+ is accepted. Compare using the base reactant.
Ionization?
The reaction of a molecular substance with water to produce ions. The ionization of a strong acid is written with a single arrow while that of a weak acid is written with a double arrow.
Dissociation?
The splitting of an ionic compound into its ions. The dissociation of a strong base is written with a single arrow while that of a weak base is written with a double arrow.
Neutralization (equivalence point)?
The point where both an acid and a base have reacted so that neither is in excess.
Redox Reaction?
A reaction involving the transfer of electrons.
