Reactions and Conditions

Question 1

HALOGENATION OF ALKANE

Answer 1

CH4 + CL2 => CH3CL + HCL
CONDITION : UV

Question 2

MECHANISM OF HALOGENATION OF ALKANE

Answer 2

1. INITIATION (1 EQN, 2 ARROWS, 2 RADICALS)
   = (CL. .CL > 2CL.)
2. PROPAGATION (2 EQN, 2 ARROW EACH)
3. TERMINATION (3 EQN, ALL WITH EACH OTHER WITH RADICALS)

Question 3

WHICH H IS MORE READILY REPLACED IN RADICAL HALOGENATION?

Answer 3

HIGHER CLASS, WEAKER BOND

Question 4

PREPARATION OF ALKENE GOT HOW MANY WAYS? WHICH ARE?

Answer 4

2.
(I) DEHYDRATION OF ALCOHOL (LOSS OF H2O FROM ALCOHOL)
(II) DEHYDROHALOGENATION OF HALOALKANE (LOSS OF HX (SA HCL, HBR…) FROM HALOALKANE

Question 5

SAYTZEFF RULE STATES THAT…

Answer 5

THE MOST STABLE ALKENE IS COMMONLY
-THE MOST HIGH SUBSTITUTED ALKENE AND
- WILL BECOME MAJOR PRODUCT

Question 6

DEHYDRATION OF ALCOHOL EQN

Answer 6

CH3CH2OH => CH2=CH2 + H20
REAGENT : CONC H2SO4, HEAT

Question 7

DEHYDROHALOGENATION OF HALOALKANE/ALKYLE HALIDE EQN

Answer 7

CH3CH2CHBRCH3 => CH3CH=CHCH3
REAGENT : KOH, ETHANOL, REFLUX

Question 8

ETHENE + H2 => ETHANE
WHAT REACTION AND CONDITION?

Answer 8

CATALYTIC HYDROGENATION
CONDITION : PT OR PD, 25-90’C

Question 9

ETHENE + BR2 => DIBROMOETHANE
WHAT REACTION AND CONDITION?

Answer 9

HALOGENATION
CONDITION : CH2CL2 AS CATALYST

Question 10

ETHENE + BR2(aq) =>
WHAT IS THE PRODUCT?

Answer 10

C=C.
- HALOGEN WILL ATTACH WITH C WITH MORE H
- OH WITH ATTACH WITH C WITH FEWER H

Question 11

ALKENE + HALOGEN HALIDE FORMES?
IF CONDITION GOT NONE OR ALCL3

Answer 11

USE MARKOVNIKOV RULE
- H ATTACH TO C WITH MORE H
- HALOGEN ATTACH TO C WITH LESSER H
—- REACTIVITY IS HF<HCL<HBR<HI

Question 12

HYDRATION OF ALKENE FORMS?

Answer 12

ALKENE + H20 => ALCOHOL
REAGENT : H30+
** USE MARKOVNIKOV RULE

Question 13

WHEN MUST USE ANTI MARKOVNIKOV RULE?

Answer 13

WHEN HYDROHALOGENATION IN THE PRESENCE OF PEROXIDES (AKA ROOR, CH3COOH, H2O2)

Question 14

OXIDATION OF ALKENE GOT 2 WHICH IS…

Answer 14

= KMNO4, OH-, COLD
=KMNO4, OH-, COLD

Question 15

IF KMNO4, OH-, COLD, PRODUCT IS…

Answer 15

ETHENE => ETHANE-1,2-DIOL
(REMOVE = BOND AND ADD 2 OH)

Question 16

IF KMNO4, H+, HOT, FOR PRODUCT GOT FEW TYPES…

Answer 16

1. C=C PUNYA C ONLY HAS 1H, FOR THAT PART,
   PRODUCT IS CARBOXYLIC ACID.
2. C=C PUNYA C HAS 2H, FOR THAT PART, PRODUCT IS CO2+H2O
3. C=C PUNYA C HAS BOTH ALKYL GRP, THAT PART, PRODUCT IS KETONE (C-C=O)

Question 17

OZONOLYSIS OF ALKENE CAN FOR 2 THINGS…

Answer 17

1. C=C PUNYA C HAS ALL ALKYL GRP, THAT PART, PRODUCT IS KETONE (C-C=O)
2. C=C PUNYA C IF EVEN HAS 1 H OR ALL H, THAT PART WILL FORM ALDEHYDE (H-C=O)

Question 18

TEST TO DIFF ALKENE AND ALKANE (TEST NAME, REAGENT, OBSERVATION)

Answer 18

1. BAEYER’S TEST
   REAGENT : KMNO4 (aq), OH-, COLD
   OBSERVATION : FOR ALKENE, PURPLE KMNO4 DECOLORISES. BROWN PPL OF Mn02 IS FORMED.
2. BROMINE TEST
   REAGENT (GOT 2 WAYS):
   (a) BR2 IN CH2CL2 (DARK)
   OR
   (b) BR2 IN WATER (RTP)
   OBSERVATION : FOR ALKENE, REDDISH BROWN BROMINE DECOLORISES.