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MFMD Paramedic School 2022 > Reading Quiz 4 (CH. 11) > Flashcards

Reading Quiz 4 (CH. 11) Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following statements are correct?

a. the tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle
b. the aortic valve is located between the right ventricle and the aorta
c. the bicuspid valve is located between the left and right atria
d. the pulmonary valve is located between the left ventricle and the pulmonary trunk

A

a. the tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle

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2
Q

All of the following vessels empty into the right atrium, EXCEPT:

a. right pulmonary vein
b. coronary sinus
c. inferior vena cava
d. superior vena cava

A

a. right pulmonary vein

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3
Q

Passive filling of the ventricles occurs when both the atria and ventricles are in diastole. What is the purpose of atrial systole?

a. decrease end systolic blood volume (ESV) in the ventricles after ventricular contraction
b. decrease end diastolic blood volume (EDV) in the ventricles before ventricular contraction
c. increase end diastolic blood volume (EDV) in the ventricles before ventricular contraction
d. increase end systolic blood volume (ESV) in the ventricles after ventricular contraction

A

c. increase end diastolic blood volume (EDV) in the ventricles before ventricular contraction

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4
Q

Which of the following statements are correct?

a. the first heart sound is the closing of the bicuspid/mitral valve, the second heart sound is the closing of the pulmonary valve, and the third heart sound is the closing of the aortic and tricuspid valves.
b. the first sound is the closing of the tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral valves, and the second heart sound is the closing of the pulmonary and aortic valves.
c. the first heart sound is the closing of the aortic and pulmonary valves, and the second heart sound is the closing of the tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral valves.
d. the first heart sound is the blood from the left ventricle entering the right atrium, and the second heart sound is the blood from the right atrium entering the right ventricle.

A

b. the first sound is the closing of the tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral valves, and the second heart sound is the closing of the pulmonary and aortic valves.

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5
Q

Cardiac contractility is dependent on normal sinus rhythm. If there is a “disturbance in the force” what specifically will you see on the EKG when the SA node stops functioning?

a. two consecutive P waves followed by a T wave and QRS complex
b. an inverted T wave
c. a missing P wave
d. missing QRS complex

A

c. a missing P wave

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6
Q

What is the correct flow of the HHb (deoxyhemoglobin) blood as it enters the heart, travels to the lungs and returns as HbO2 (oxyhemoglobin) to the heart?

a. right atrium > bicuspid/mitral valve > right ventricle > tricuspid valve > left ventricle > pulmonary semilunar valve > pulmonary trunk > pulmonary arteries > lungs > pulmonary veins > left atrium > aortic semilunar valve > aorta
b. right atrium > tricuspid valve > right ventricle > pulmonary semilunar valve > pulmonary trunk > pulmonary veins > lungs > pulmonary arteries > left atrium > aortic semilunar valve > bicuspid/mitral valve > aorta
c. right atrium > bicuspid/mitral valve > left atrium > tricuspid valve > left ventricle > pulmonary semilunar valve > pulmonary trunk > pulmonary arteries > lungs > pulmonary veins > left ventricle > aortic semilunar valve > aorta
d. right atrium > tricuspid valve > right ventricle > pulmonary semilunar valve > pulmonary trunk > pulmonary arteries > lungs > pulmonary veins > left atrium > bicuspid/mitral valve > left ventricle > aortic semilunar valve > aorta

A

d. right atrium > tricuspid valve > right ventricle > pulmonary semilunar valve > pulmonary trunk > pulmonary arteries > lungs > pulmonary veins > left atrium > bicuspid/mitral valve > left ventricle > aortic semilunar valve > aorta

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7
Q

The difference between the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit is _________________.

a. arteries in the pulmonary circuit carry oxygenated blood and veins also carry oxygenated blood; arteries in the systemic circuit carry deoxygenated blood and veins also carry deoxygenated blood
b. arteries in the pulmonary circuit carry oxygenated blood and veins carry deoxygenated blood; arteries in the systemic circuit carry deoxygenated blood and veins carry oxygenated blood
c. arteries in the pulmonary circuit carry deoxygenated blood and veins also carry deoxygenated blood; arteries in the systemic circuit carry deoxygenated blood and veins always carry oxygenated blood
d. arteries in the pulmonary circuit carry deoxygenated blood and veins carry oxygenated blood; arteries in the systemic circuit carry oxygenated blood and veins carry deoxygenated blood

A

d. arteries in the pulmonary circuit carry deoxygenated blood and veins carry oxygenated blood; arteries in the systemic circuit carry oxygenated blood and veins carry deoxygenated blood

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8
Q

What is the correct pathway for the electrical signals that travel through the cardiac conduction system?

a. SA node > AV bundle > AV node > L & R Bundle Branches > L & R Purkinje Fibers
b. SA node > AV node > AV bundle > L & R Bundle Branches > L & R Purkinje Fibers
c. AV bundle > AV node > SA node > L & R Bundle Branches > L & R Purkinje Fibers
d. AV node > SA node > AV bundle > L & R Bundle Branches > L & R Purkinje Fibers

A

b. SA node > AV node > AV bundle > L & R Bundle Branches > L & R Purkinje Fibers

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9
Q

Which of the following pairings are correct?

a. chronotropic = heart rate/heart beat frequency
dromotropic = cardiac conduction signal velocity
inotropic = cardiac contractility/force of contraction

b. chronotropic = heart rate/heart beat frequency
dromotropic = cardiac contractility/force of contraction
inotropic = cardiac conduction signal velocity

c. chronotropic = cardiac contractility/force of contraction
dromotropic = heart rate/heart beat frequency
inotropic = cardiac conduction signal velocity

d. chronotropic = cardiac conduction signal velocity
dromotropic = heart rate/heart beat frequency
inotropic = cardiac contractility/force of contraction

A

a. chronotropic = heart rate/heart beat frequency
dromotropic = cardiac conduction signal velocity
inotropic = cardiac contractility/force of contraction

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10
Q

The perfusion triangle specifically refers to the relationship among ____________________.

a. the ability of the heart to modify blood volume, have decreased volume in the body to meet only resting metabolic demand and have less pressure in the vessels to reduce blood flow to tissues and decrease return of blood to the heart.
b. the ability of the heart to pump blood, have an adequate volume of blood in the body to meet metabolic demand and maintain adequate pressure in the vessels to deliver blood to tissues and return blood to the heart.
c. the ability of the heart to increase blood volume, have less blood to meet increased metabolic demand under stress and have higher pressure in the vessels to increase blood pressure to the tissues and decrease return of blood to the heart to impact brain perfusion when asleep
d. the ability of the heart to pump blood, have increased blood volume to meet inflammatory needs in the brain for edema and reduce adequate pressure in the vessels to alternate between states of shock and hypertension

A

b. the ability of the heart to pump blood, have an adequate volume of blood in the body to meet metabolic demand and maintain adequate pressure in the vessels to deliver blood to tissues and return blood to the heart.

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11
Q

During systole and diastole, what is the relationship between pressure and volume?

a. during systole ventricular blood volume increases and during diastole ventricular blood pressure decreases
b. during systole ventricular blood volume decreases and during diastole ventricular blood pressure increases
c. during systole ventricular blood pressure increases and during diastole ventricular blood volume increases
d. during systole ventricular blood pressure decreases and during diastole ventricular blood pressure increases

A

c. during systole ventricular blood pressure increases and during diastole ventricular blood volume increases

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12
Q

The P wave on an EKG signals ______________.

a. ventricular depolarization
b. atrial repolarization
c. atrial depolarization
d. ventricular repolarization

A

c. atrial depolarization

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13
Q

The QRS complex on an EKG signals ________________.

a. ventricular depolarization
b. atrial repolarization
c. ventricular repolarization
d. atrial depolarization

A

a. ventricular depolarization

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14
Q

The T wave on an EKG signals ______________.

a. ventricular repolarization
b. ventricular depolarization
c. atrial depolarization
d. atrial repolarization

A

a. ventricular repolarization

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15
Q

What happens to blood flow and blood pressure when vessel resistance increases?

a. blood flow decreases and blood pressure decreases
b. blood flow increases and blood pressure decreases
c. blood flow increases and blood pressure increases
d. blood flow decreases and blood pressure increases

A

d. blood flow decreases and blood pressure increases

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16
Q

If stroke volume decreases due to low venous return, how will the heart compensate to maintain cardiac output?

a. upregulate acetylcholine receptors in both the SA and AV nodes
b. decrease contractility
c. decrease heart rate
d. increase heart rate

A

d. increase heart rate

17
Q

Which of the following statements is true?

Note: Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)

a. MAP - DBP + 1/3 Pulse Pressure
b. MAP - Pulse Pressure = 1/3 SBP
c. MAP - Pulse Pressure - 1/3 DBP
d. MAP - Pulse Pressure + 3(SBP)

A

a. MAP = DBP + 1/3 Pulse Pressure

18
Q

If the baroreceptors in the carotid sinuses detect an abnormal increase in blood pressure, what corrective mechanism will be activated to correct this homeostatic imbalance?

a. stimulation of the vasomotor center, stimulation of the cardioacceleratory center and stimulation of the cardioinhibitory center in the medulla oblongata
b. stimulation of the vasomotor center, activation of the cardioacceleratory center in the medulla oblongata and inhibition of the cardioinhibitory center
c. inhibition of the vasomotor center, inhibition of the cardioacceleratory center and activation of the cardioinhibitory center in the medulla oblongata
d. inhibition of the vasomotor center, activation of the cardioacceleratory center and activation of the cardioinhibitory center in the medulla oblongata

A

c. inhibition of the vasomotor center, inhibition of the cardioacceleratory center and activation of the cardioinhibitory center in the medulla oblongata

19
Q

Smooth muscle in arteries and veins are innervated by ________________.

a. sympathetic adrenergic fibers that target alpha1 receptors
b. sympathetic cholinergic fibers that target alpha1 receptors
c. parasympathetic cholinergic fibers that target alpha1 receptors
d. parasympathetic adrenergic fibers that target alpha1 receptors

A

a. sympathetic adrenergic fibers that target alpha1 receptors

20
Q

Which of the following regions of the cardiac conduction system are located supraventricular?

a. SA node and AV node
b. SA node and Purkinje fibers
c. AV node and Purkinje fibers
d. AV bundle and Purkinje fibers

A

a. SA and AV node

21
Q

Which of the following best describes the difference of phase 4 between the SA node and cardiac muscle cells?

a. leaky Na+ channels in the SA node during phase 4 allow restoration of the RMP as opposed to cardiac muscle cells that do not restore the RMP during phase 4
b. there is no difference between the SA node and cardiac muscle cells in restoration of the RMP during phase 4
c. leaky Na+ channels in the SA node during phase 4 do not allow restoration of the RMP as opposed to cardiac muscle cells that do restore the RMP during phase 4
d. leaky K+ channels in the SA node during phase 4 do not allow restoration of the RMP as opposed to cardiac muscle cells that do restore the RMP during phase 4

A

c. leaky Na+ channels in the SA node during phase 4 do not allow restoration of the RMP as opposed to cardiac muscle cells that do restore the RMP during phase 4

22
Q

Which of the following statements best describes isovolumetric contraction during the cardiac cycle?

a. isovolumetric contraction occurs during ventricular systole and is the moment during passive filling when all four valves are open
b. isovolumetric contraction occurs during ventricular diastole and is the moment just before the ventricles contract when all four valves are open
c. isovolumetric contraction occurs during ventricular diastole and is the moment just before the ventricles relax when all four valves are closed
d. isovolumetric contraction occurs during ventricular systole and is the moment just before the ventricles contract when all four valves are closed

A

d. isovolumetric contraction occurs during ventricular systole and is the moment just before the ventricles contract when all four valves are closed

23
Q

Which of the following statements best describes isovolumetric relaxation during the cardiac cycle?

a. isovolumetric relaxation occurs during ventricular diastole and is the moment just before the ventricles relax when all four valves are closed.
b. isovolumetric relaxation occurs during ventricular systole and is the moment just before the ventricles relax when all four valves are closed
c. isovolumetric relaxation occurs during ventricular diastole and is the moment just before the ventricles relax when all four valves are open
d. isovolumetric relaxation occurs during ventricular diastole and is the moment just before the ventricles contract when all four valves are closed

A

a. isovolumetric relaxation occurs during ventricular diastole and is the moment just before the ventricles relax when all four valves are closed.

24
Q

The circulatory fetal adaptations that allow blood to bypass the lungs are ____________.

a. the ductus venosus and the ductus arteriosus
b. the placenta and the foramen ovale
c. the ductus venosus and the foramen ovale
d. the ductus arteriosus and the foramen ovale

A

d. the ductus arteriosus and the foramen ovale

25
Q

Which of the following best describes the effect shock has on preload?

a. loss of venous return to the heart will decrease ventricular filling and increase preload
b. increased venous return to the heart will increase ventricular filling and decrease preload
c. loss of venous return to the heart will decrease ventricular filling and decrease preload
d. increased venous return to the heart will decrease ventricular filling and decrease preload

A

c. loss of venous return to the heart will decrease ventricular filling and decrease preload

MFMD Paramedic School 2022 (9 decks)

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