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Physics > Real Unit 1: Waves > Flashcards

Real Unit 1: Waves Flashcards

1
Q

Wave

A

A disturbance in matter that transfers energy

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2
Q

Mechanical Waves

A

Require a medium to pass through in order to transfer energy

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3
Q

Examples of mechanical waves

A

Sound, ocean waves

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4
Q

Electro Magnetic waves

A

No medium needed to transfer energy

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5
Q

Examples of electro magnetic waves

A

Light, radio, gamma, etc

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6
Q

How do waves start?

A

A wave pulse

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7
Q

What is a wave pulse?

A

Literally a pulse bro, short disturbance in medium

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8
Q

Periodic (Occilating) wave

A

Wave that occurs at a constant rate

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9
Q

Transverse waves

A

The movement of particles (up and down) is perpendicular to movement of energy (side to side)

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10
Q

Longitudinal waves

A

Movement of particles is parallel to movement of wave. This happens through compression and elongation

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11
Q

What is example of a longitudinal wave?

A

Sound

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12
Q

Crest

A

Top of wave

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13
Q

Trough

A

Bottom of wave

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14
Q

Reflection

A

Occurs when a wave hits a boundary and bounces off. Some energy is reflected, some is absorbed, some passes through. (Think of hearing noise through a wall)

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15
Q

When a wave reflects off of a FIXED point, it reflects at

A

180* degrees.

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16
Q

What happens when a wave reflects on a loose point?

A

It reflects 0 degrees (NO FLIP)

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17
Q

Amplitude

A

How high a wave moves from it’s origin point. Greater the amplitude, greater the energy carried

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18
Q

Wavelength

A

The length of one cycle (crest and trough)

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19
Q

What unit does wavelength have to be in?

A

METERS PLEASEEEEEE

20
Q

Period (of a wave)

A

Amount of time it takes to complete one cycle. Seconds per cycle (s/cycle)

21
Q

Frequency

A

The amount of cycles per second (second per cycle)

22
Q

What unit is frequency in?

A

Hertz, or 1/s

23
Q

Wave speed

A

How fast a wave moves, m/s

24
Q

What type of a relationship do period and frequency have?

A

Inverse

25
Q

What type of relationship do wavelength and speed have?

A

Direct linear

26
Q

What type of relationship does speed and frequency have?

A

Direct

27
Q

Phase

A

The offset of one point on a wave from another point on a wave

28
Q

1 wave cycle is (phase)

A

360 degrees

29
Q

Wave fronts

A

Created when there is a disturbance in a medium, and multiple waves are in phase with each other

30
Q

What is an expample of a wave front?

A

Ripples in a pond

31
Q

Diffraction

A

Happens when waves move through a barrier with a hole or around it,causing it to diffuse out and curve

32
Q

In diffraction, what characteristic of a wave remains constant?

A

The wavelength

33
Q

As the hole shrinks, what happens to the diffracted wave?

A

The bend will increase, and the energy decreases (lower amplitude)

34
Q

The Doppler effect

A

When the center of a wave moves, there will be a perceived change in frequency

35
Q

According to the Doppler effect, as the source of a noise moves closer to the observer, what will happen?

A

Thee wavelength decreases, and the frequency will increase (will seem higher pitch)

36
Q

According to the Doppler effect, as the source of a noise moves away from the observer, what will happen?

A

The wavelength will increase and the frequency will lower (lower pitch)

37
Q

Resonance

A

When a wave strikes something with the same natural frequency, causing it to vibrate

38
Q

Example of resonacne?

A

Singing a certain pitch (frequency) to make a glass break

39
Q

Superposition (interferance)

A

When two waves move through the same medium and move in opposite directions, making it seem like they are only one wave

40
Q

Constructive Ineterferance

A

When two waves are moving in a medium towards each other in phase, causing their energy to combine (greater amplitude)

41
Q

Destructive interferance

A

When 2 waves moving through the same medium towards each other are 180* out of phase. Crest is subtracted by trough, making a smaller amplitude

42
Q

Standing Waves

A

When multiple waves move through a medium at the same time, causing the wave to look like it is not moving (Constant constructive and destructive interference)

43
Q

Nodes

A

Points of destructive interference

44
Q

Anti-Nodes

A

Points of constructive interference

45
Q

Distance between two nodes or anti nodes is equal to:

A

1/2 wavelength

Physics (6 decks)

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