Reconstruction

Question 1

What did the 10% plan mean?

Answer 1

That each of the 12 seceded states had to redraft their constitution to include the abolishment of slavery and civil rights. Also 10% of the population had to pledge an oath of allegiance to the United States.

Question 2

What did the Radical Republicans want?

Answer 2

To transform the south and safeguard the rights of African Americans

Question 3

What was Wade-Davis Bill?

Answer 3

Where instead of 10% of the state population doing a pledge of allegiance it would be 50%

Question 4

What was the official abolition of slavery called and when was it?

Answer 4

13th Amendment passed in 1865

Question 5

What was the freedman’s bureau?

Answer 5

Helped distribute food,land and supplies to slaves

Question 6

Who was Andrew Johnson?

Answer 6

A democrat, who was Lincoln’s Vice President and automatically took his place after the assassination in 1865

Question 7

Give 2 things Johnson did without consulting congress

Answer 7

Pardoned over 13000 plantation owners if they took an oath of allegiance

Allowed states to redraft their own constitutions resulting in Black Codes in Southern states

Question 8

What did the black codes include - 3 examples

Answer 8

Enforced segregation

Banned interracial marriage

Forced black children into work preventing them from getting an education

Question 9

What were voting tests and Grandfather clauses?

Answer 9

Tests that required a grade 5 education to be able to vote

In order to vote your grandfather must have also been registered to vote

Question 10

Give 2 congressional bills vetoed by Johnson in 1866

Answer 10

Renewal of the freedmans bureau

Civil Rights Bill (though it was then overturned)

Question 11

Give 2 bills Congress passed to limit presidential power

Answer 11

Tenure of Office Act 1867 - meaning Johnson could not remove officials from office

Military reconstruction Act 1867 - meaning former confederate states were under federal military rule to ensure they follow the 14th amendment

Question 12

What is the 14th Amendment?

Answer 12

All US citizens are proclaimed equal and federal government can intervene in state legislation if it is discriminatory

Question 13

When and why was Johnson impeached?

Answer 13

He removed Stanton from office, disobeying the Tenure of Office Act so was impeached in 1868

Question 14

How big does the congress majority need to be to remove someone from office?

Answer 14

Two thirds

Question 15

What were the results?

Answer 15

35 voted against and 19 for so it was one vote short of a majority

Question 16

When did Grant take office?

Answer 16

1868

Question 17

Give 2 acts passed under Grant

Answer 17

15th Amendment 1869 - Gave the right to vote to all African Americans

The KKK Act 1870 - Made the group illegal supposedly to protect black citizens more

Question 18

What was the last major piece of reconstruction legislation?

Answer 18

The Civil Rights Act 1875 - extended equality to transport and jury service

Question 19

What happened at the Colfax Massacre 1873?

Answer 19

150 black people killed by a southern militia with a cannon

Question 20

Give 2 Supreme Court rulings that undermined Reconstruction legislation?

Answer 20

United States vs Reese - found that the 15th Amendment did not confer suffrage

United States vs Cruikshanks - found that 14th Amendment did not apply at state level

Question 21

Who were the redeemers?

Answer 21

A democratic movement in the south usually wealthy businessman who won back almost every confederate seat back in the senate and the house

Question 22

Why was Grant chosen by congress?

Answer 22

Because he was politically inexperienced and easy to control

Question 23

Who was running in the 1876 election?

Answer 23

Samuel Tilden - unionist who was known for stopping corruption
Rutherford Hayes - pretty much unknown republican

Question 24

What were the results of the 1876 election?

Answer 24

Tilden won 250000 more votes but Hayes got 1 more electoral college vote

Question 25

How did reconstruction end?

Answer 25

Hayes made the compromise with Tilden where he sacrificed the federal troops in southern states protecting African Americans so he could be in power