Reforms Affecting Living Conditions 1848-70

Question 1

Whose reports influenced reform until 1870 and give an example of one?

Answer 1

Edwin Chadwick
- The Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population of Great Britain 1842

Question 2

How many copies did Chadwick’s report sell?

Answer 2

100,000

Question 3

What was the Health of Towns Association?

Answer 3

• a pressure group which was formed by Southward Smith and grew rapidly, establishing branches across the country.
• aim was to pressure the government into passing a Public Health Act
• organisation: members from across politics, academia and the church, including the future PM, Disraeli

Question 4

When was there another great outbreak of Cholera?

Answer 4

1848

Question 5

When was the Public Health Act passed and what did it do?

Answer 5

• 1848
• established a Central Board of Health

Question 6

Why was the Central Board of Health introduced by the 1848 Public Health Act limited?

Answer 6

• Had no money

Question 7

When did local Boards of Health have to be set up?

Answer 7

When the death rate was above 23 per 1000

Question 8

When were the Burial Acts and what did they do?

Answer 8

1852-57
- 1852: began the creation of a public network of cemeteries in London to be overseen by a burial board
- Board would take responsibility for the interment of bodies and maintain the cemeteries
- Passing of these acts signified the ongoing commitment of Parliament to promote health standards in Britain.

Question 9

When was the Sanitary Act passed and what did it do?

Answer 9

1866
- required towns to appoint inspectors to check on water supplies and drainage.