Renal Physiology and Pharmacology

Question 1

What do the terms hypertonic and hypotonic describe and what are the effects of each environment on the cell

Answer 1

A hypertonic environment occurs when the ECF is more concentrated than the ICF and the cell shrinks or crenates. A hypotonic environment occurs when the ECF is less concentrated than the ICF and the cell swells or lyses

Question 2

Collectively, the glomerulus and renal corpuscle are known as…

Answer 2

Bowman’s Capsule

Question 3

What are the three processes involved in urine production

Answer 3

Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion

Question 4

What are the pressures controlling glomerular filtration and do they favour filtration?

Answer 4

1. Glomerular capillary blood pressure favours filtration as a hydrostatic pressure, which pushes water and solute molecules out of the plasma and into the filtrate. 2. The plasma colloid osmotic pressure does not favour filtration as an osmotic pressure which draws water out of the filtrate and into the plasma. 3. Bowman’s capsule hydrostatic pressure not in favour

Question 5

How much water/ fluid is present in the ICF and ECF respectively?

Answer 5

Two thirds compared with one third.