REPLICATION OF DNA Flashcards
What is the name given to the backbone of a DNA strand formed from deoxyribose sugar and phosphate?
Sugar-Phosphate backbone
What type of bonds form between bases on two complimentary strands?
Weak hydrogen bonds
What term is used to describe the fact that the two strands run in opposite directions of each other?
Anti parallel
What structure does DNA have?
Double stranded helix
What name is given to the strand that is found on the left hand side on a DNA strand that runs from 3’ to 5’
Leading strand
What name is given to the enzyme needed to replicate the strands during DNA replication?
DNA polymerase
How is the replications of the leading strand described because it is replicated without any interruptions?
Continuous
What name is given to the strand opposite the leading strand?
Lagging strand
How is replication of the lagging strand described as it’s replicated in fragments?
Discontinuous
Name the enzyme needed to join the fragments together in the lagging strand?
Ligase
Name five requirements of DNA replication?
DNA template strand, ATP, DNA nucleotides, primers and enzymes.
What name is given to the technique that can be used to create many copies of a piece of DNA outside the body?
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reactions)
What are some uses of PCR?
Forensics and paternity disputes.
What word is used to describe the fact that you are making multiple copies of a piece of DNA in PCR?
Amplification
Describe the first stage of PCR
Heat the DNA strand to 92-98 degrees to break the hydrogen bonds and separate the strands.
