Repro

Question 1

Single use of GnRH agnosit

Answer 1

promote ovulation
increase conception rates
follicular cysts treatment

Question 2

Continuous use of GnRH agonist

Answer 2

contraception
abortion
postponement of puberty

Question 3

Pulsatile use of GnRH

Answer 3

induction of repro axis

Question 4

Name GnRH hormones

Answer 4

Lh
FSH
PMSG
hCG

Question 5

Uses of gonadotrophins

Answer 5

• Superovulation
• advancement of oestrous
• induce ovulation
• enhance/test male fertility
• test for crytorchidism

Question 6

Melationin use.

Answer 6

• usually produced at night; melatonin increase as short days increase which gears up the repro axis
• has a lag phase of 40 days
• want to breed about longest day so give it in april
• give along side ram (Ram effect: starts pheromones cycling in days which increase LH pulse frequency, causing ovulation)

Question 7

Oestrogen pharmacokinetics

Answer 7

• rapid hepatic metabolism and urinary excretion
• esters prolong half life
• ethinyl group decreases first pass metabolism and increase bioavailability
• very lipid soluble (rapidly absorbed by MM)
• bound to PP (SHBG)

Question 8

Uses of Pharmacokinetics

Answer 8

• synchronisation/onset of oestrous
• misalliance (inhibits LH support of CL which alters zygote transport and inhibit implantation)
• urinary incontinence (increases sensitivity of alpha adrenoreceptors in bladder SM)
• chronic endometritis
• anal adenomas/protatic hyperplasia

Question 9

Side effects of oestrogens

Answer 9

• aplastic anemia (BM suppression)
• cystic endometrial hyperplasia (increases P effects on uterus)
• cystic ovaries
• increases absorption of toxins in gut
• thromboembolism

Question 10

oxytocin

Answer 10

-uterine stimulation and milk ejection
USES
-dystocia
-removal of retained placenta
-postpartum haemorrhage
-induction of parturition
-milk ejection initiation
-uterine infection

Question 11

Progesterone pharmacokinetics

Answer 11

rapid hepatic metabolism and urinary excretion
orally active ethinyl group
the CL is the only source of P in rabbit/pig/goat/dog
others placenta takes over at 50 days

Question 12

Uses of progesterone

Answer 12

• syncronisation
• prevention of ovulation/oestrous (contraception)
• treat cystic ovaries
• prevention of abortion (cats and dogs)

Question 13

side effects of progesterone

Answer 13

• cystic endometrial hyperplasia
• pyometra
• mammary hypertroph
• weight gain
• diabetes: antagonises insulin

Question 14

progesterone antagonists

Answer 14

cause abortion

test for relaxin at 28 days

Question 15

Prostaglandin pharmacokinetics

Answer 15

increase in PGF2a > repression of CL after refractory period > decrease in P
causes animals to return to cyclin/abortion
refrectory period
-5 days in mare/cow/ewe
-11 days in pigs
-unresponsive in bitch

Question 16

Uses of prostaglandins

Answer 16

• synchronisation
• luteal cysts in cows
• pyometra
• abortion ( before 150 in cow, 50 in ewe, 35 in mare and 30 in dog)
• induction of parturition in pigs and cows

Question 17

side effects of prostaglandins

Answer 17

• smooth muscle constriction (bronchospasm)
• vasoconstriction
• miscarriage
• sweating/colic/vomiting

Question 18

Dopamine

Answer 18

suppresses prolactin release
which causes inhibition of:
-support of CL in bitch (stimulated by TRH)
-mammary development
-milk production
it is inhibited by serotonin