Repro

Question 1

Primary follicles

Answer 1

Cyclic FSH from ant pituitary stimulates follicular development

Follicular epithelial cells proliferate

Oocyte enlarges

Stromal cells become organised into CT sheath

ZP forms directly around the oocyte

Question 2

Secondary Follicles

Answer 2

Formation of an Antrum (filled with follicular fluid)

CT differentiates into inner theca interna and outer theca externa

Oocyte is supported in the Antrum by a stalk of granulosa cells (cumulus oophorus)

Question 3

Mature Graafian follicle

Answer 3

Ovum is surrounded by a thick ZP

A layer of granulosa cells surround the oocyte - corona radiata

Basal lamina

Theca interna and theca externa

Question 4

Corpus luteum

Answer 4

Follicle converts into a corpus luteum

Leutinisation of the granulosa and theca cells occurs (become polygonal, larger in size, have abundant cytoplasm containing lipid)

Secrete progesterone and oestrogen

Regresses if pregnancy doesn’t occur

Question 5

When does regression start?

Answer 5

8-9 days after ovulation if pregnancy doesn’t occur

Granulosa cells decrease in size, develop pyknotic nuclei and accumulate abnormal lipid

Cells undergo dissolution and are phagocytosed

Question 6

Corpus albucicans

Answer 6

Well circumscribed structure with convoluted borders almost entirely composed of densely packed collagen with occasional follicles

Eventually may be replaced by ovarian stroma

Question 7

4 segments

Of Fallopian tube

Answer 7

Intramural - inside uterine wall
Isthmus - 2-3 cm thick wall
Ampulla - expanded area
Infundibulum - opening to peritoneum, has fimbriae

Question 8

Fallopian tube histology

Answer 8

Mucosa thrown into branching folds (plicae)
3 cells - secretory, ciliated intercalated (peg cell)

Muscularity - inner circular layer outer longitudinal layer

Serosa - CT covered by mesothelium

Question 9

Uterus

Answer 9

3 layers

Endometrium - deep basal layer striatum Basalis and superficial functional layer statum compactum and statum spongiosum

Myometeium

Serosa

Question 10

Endometrium proliferative phase

Answer 10

Oestrogen stimulation
Glands proliferate
No luminal secretions
Stromal cells are spindled and compact, show mitotic activity

Question 11

Endometrium secretory phase

Answer 11

Progesterone stimulation
Vacuoles appear above and below nucleus
Intraluminal secretions, glands round
Layer glands more elongated with more intraluminal secretions
Stroma - spiral arterioles

Question 12

Endometrium menstrual phase

Answer 12

Progesterone stimulation withdrawn
Stroma love haemmorhage and granulocytes
Stroma land glandular fragmentation

Question 13

Myometrium

Answer 13

Thick muscular wall with 3 ill defined layers of SM - inner longitudinal, middle circular and outer longitudinal

Question 14

Endocervix

Answer 14

Loose fibromuscular stroma lined by simple columnar ciliated

Thrown into crypts

Question 15

Ectocervix (cervix)

Answer 15

Dense SM stroma lined by non-karatinised squamous ep

Site of squamocolumnar junction

Question 16

Vagina

Answer 16

Mucosa - lined by non keratinising stratified squamous ep

Stroma contains elastic fibres and rich vascular network

Muscular wall - SM, inner circular outer longitudinal

Adventitia - loose CT

Question 17

Labia majoria

Answer 17

Keratinising stratified squamous ep and skin adnexae

Question 18

Labia minoria

Answer 18

Mostly non keratinised stratified squamous ep

Question 19

Bartholins gland

Answer 19

Tubuloalveloar glands

Acini lined by mucus secreting ep

Question 20

Primordial follicles

Answer 20

Located at periphery of cortex

Contain primary oocyte in resting state

Surrounded by a single layer of epithelial cells (granulosa cells)