Reproduction Flashcards
What are the main advantages of external fertilisation?
It’s rapid and prolific and also requires less energy.
What are the main advantages of internal fertilisation?
More likely to be successful, young are protected from the environment increasing their chances of survival, and can take place on dry land.
What are the main disadvantages of external fertilisation?
Decreased chance of successful fertilisation, must take place in an aquatic environment and no control over the gametes once released.
What are the main disadvantages of internal fertilisation?
Slower, have to find a mate and potential for the spread of sexually transmitted diseases.
What is a Rhizome?
Plants
An underground stem that branches and gives rise to new shoots and roots.
Example: Ginger
What is a runner?
Plants
Above ground stem that gives rise to new shoots and roots.
Example: Strawberries
What is a tuber?
Plants
Swollen underground stems with buds that grow into new plants.
Example: Potatoes
What is a bulb?
Plants
Lateral buds that develop into new plants.
Example: Daffodil
What is a sucker?
Plants
New shoots that arise from roots.
Example: Bananas
What is budding?
Plants
An outgrowth of a new plant from the side of the parent plant.
Example: Prickly pear
What is fragmentation?
Plants
Broken pieces of branch that regenerate into identical new plants.
Example: Weeping willow tree
What is moss?
The only plant group that does not have a vascular system.
How do mosses reproduce?
Sexually, via spores.
Note: The moss lifecycle follows a sexual pattern of reproduction with alteration of generations.
What are ferns?
They are characterised by a lack of flowers and fruit but they do have vascular tissue
How do ferns reproduce?
Sexually, via spores.
Note: The fern lifecycle follows a sexual pattern of reproduction with alteration of generations.
