reproduction

Question 1

softening and compressibility of lower uterus

Answer 1

hegar’s sign, probably sign of pregnancy.bimanual exam of isthmus (lower uterus)

Question 2

chadwick’s sign

Answer 2

deepened violet bluish color of cervix and vaginal mucosa, probable pg. may see at 6 week, but very easy to see by 8th week

Question 3

softening of cervical tip

Answer 3

godless sign, probable pg, beginning of 6th week caused by increased vascularity, slight hypertrophy and hyperplasia (more cells)

Question 4

ballottement

Answer 4

rebound of unengaged fetus, probable pg. passive movement- can tell by 16- 18th week

Question 5

chloasma

Answer 5

mask 0f pg

Question 6

TSS

Answer 6

sunburn type rash, diarrhea, dizzyness, faintness, weakness, soar throat, aching muscles joints, sudden high fever, vomiting. take out diaphragm in 24 hours and cap or shield 48 hours.

Question 7

when female maturity needs investigation

Answer 7

no thelarche by 13 (breast buds) or no menarche 4 years after thelarche (usually about 2 years later)

Question 8

ashermans syndrome

Answer 8

a factor in fertility , uterine adhesions or scar tissue

Question 9

clomiphene

Answer 9

clomid. ovulation induction, tx of luteal phase inadequacy. tablets, start at 50 mg/ day for 5 days starting on fifth day of menses. if ovulation does not occur, may increase dose.s/e- vasomotor flushes, abdominal discomvoft, nausea and vomiting, breast tender, ovarian enlargement

Question 10

menotropins

Answer 10

human menopausal gonadotropins. ovarian follicular growth and maturation. direct stimulation of ovarian follicle. given sequentially with hcg to induce ovulation. IM injection. S/E ovarian enlargement, hyper stimulation, local irritation at site, multifetal gestation

Question 11

quickening, when

Answer 11

flutter, may feel 14-16 weeks for multigravida, but 18 week for first time mom

Question 12

presumptive of pregnancy

Answer 12

subjective and reported. increased uterine size, quickening, no period, fatigue, N/V, increase urination, breast changes

Question 13

probable of pg

Answer 13

positive pregnancy test, hegar’s sign, goodell’s sign, chadwick’s sign, ballottment, braxton hicks at 16 weeks, abdominal enlargement

Question 14

positive of pg

Answer 14

fetal heart sounds (sonogram 6 weeks, doppler 8-17 weeks, fetal stethescope 17-19),
fetal u/s 5-6 weeks
fetal mvmt felt by experienced 17- 19 wks

Question 15

cause false positive pg test

Answer 15

anticonvulsant, tranquilizer, hormone producing tumor

Question 16

cause false neg pg test

Answer 16

test too early,diuretics, promethazine.