reproduction / systems

Question 1

asexual reproduction differences.

Answer 1

generally, the offspring are genetically identical to their parent (less genetic variation). The form of reproduction uses less energy as they don’t have to find a mate. They can reproduce at a faster speed and larger quantities.
Can’t survive when the environment changes as they are all genetically the same and have adapted to certain environments. Reproduction without the use of sex cells

Question 2

sexual reproduction differences.

Answer 2

The offspring are all genetically different to the parent therefor more genetic variation. It uses lots of energy to find and mate and give birth. It takes a longer amount of time to reproduce. Have an advantage in changing environments as they all adapt differently. Reproduction with the use of sex cells

Question 3

major human male parts of reproductive system

Answer 3

testes, urethra, epididymis, vas deferens, prostate gland, and penis

Question 4

major human female part of reproductive system

Answer 4

ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, endometrium, and vagina

Question 5

function of the testes

Answer 5

produces sperm, male gametes

Question 6

function of the epididymis

Answer 6

where the sperm cells are stored for a time, where they mature.

Question 7

function of the vas deferens

Answer 7

during ejaculation, sperm cells then travel along the vas deferens (sperm ducts) from the epididymis.

Question 8

function of the urethra

Answer 8

the passage for sperm and urine

Question 9

function of the prostate gland

Answer 9

production of a fluid that, together with sperm cells from the testicles and fluids from other glands, makes up semen.

Question 10

function of the penis

Answer 10

is part of both the urinary and reproductive system so it can transport both urine and semen

Question 11

function of the ovaries

Answer 11

the gonad that produces eggs (ova)

Question 12

function of the fallopian tubes

Answer 12

after ovulation the eggs go to the fallopian tubes, channels for oocytes and fertilisation

Question 13

function of the uterus

Answer 13

a hollow muscular organ where the baby develops and is nourished (via the placenta) during pregancy.

Question 14

function of the cervix

Answer 14

located at the bottom of the uterus and allows for fluids to flow in and out of the uterus.

Question 15

function of the endometrium

Answer 15

At the start of the menstrual cycle the uterine lining (endometrium) is shed

Question 16

function of the vagina

Answer 16

provides a passageway for blood and mucosal tissue from the uterus during a woman’s monthly period. As well as reproduction

Question 17

roles of oestrogen

Answer 17

repairs and thickens the uterine lining.

Question 18

roles of progesterone

Answer 18

maintains the uterine lining (for the nourishment of the developing embryo)

Question 19

roles of FSH

Answer 19

increases follicle development (ovum maturation) in the ovaries.

Question 20

how oestrogen levels change during the menstrual cycle

Answer 20

It is made by follicles and its levels increase from the beginning of the cycle and peak just before ovulation, after which its levels drop off.

Question 21

how progesterone levels change during the menstrual cycle

Answer 21

It is secreted in large quantities after ovulation by a ruptured follicle (called a corpus luteum). If there is no implantation of an embryo (no pregnancy), progesterone levels drop which triggers menstruation.

Question 22

how FSH levels change during the menstrual cycle

Answer 22

Its levels are relatively high at the start of the menstrual cycle.

Question 23

how oestrogen and progesterone levels change during pregnancy

Answer 23

they steadily increase

Question 24

how FSH levels change during pregnancy

Answer 24

they are generally quite low

Question 25

are sex cells diploid or haploid?

Answer 25

haploid

Question 26

are somatic cells diploid or haploid?

Answer 26

diploid

Question 27

individual possess two copies of every gene

Answer 27

as they are found on homologous chromosomes in every somatic cell

Question 28

role of LH

Answer 28

trigger ovulation

Question 29

levels LH menstruation

Answer 29

peaks in the middle of the mestrual cycle