reproductive behavior----------

Question 1

sex hormones

Answer 1

derived from cholesterol;
females= ovaries/ adrenal glands
males= testies/ adrenal glands

Question 2

what is androgens

Answer 2

male sex hormones
testosterone.
promotes growth of body hair, addition of muscle mass, growth of vocal cords

Question 3

what is estrogen

Answer 3

female sex hormones
estradiol
regulates menstrual cycle, promotes maternal behavior

Question 4

what is progesterone

Answer 4

pregnancy hormone

prepares uterus for implantation of embryo

Question 5

what are the two categories of hormones?

Answer 5

androgens and estrogen

Question 6

how does it work

hypothalmous-puituitary-gonadal

Answer 6

the hypothalamus makes Gnrh
signals pitutitary gland with gnrh
signals release of 2 hornes into peripheri (FSH & LH)-> make their way to the gonads
stimulates release of androgens/estrogens

Question 7

FSH

Answer 7

ovarian folicle released from ovary (during ovulation)

Question 8

LH

Answer 8

stimulates ovarian folical to mature for implantation of sperm (during ovulation)

Question 9

effects of hormones

Answer 9

organizing “long term”

activating “short term”

Question 10

organizing “long term”

Answer 10

occur during critical period/ sensitive time. (typically utero or puberty). effects typically permanant. prepare brain for later short term erffects of hormones

Question 11

activating “short term”

Answer 11

increase with testostorone (increased anger ex)

Question 12

3sexual development- organizing effect in utero.

Answer 12

mullerian system
wolffian system
anti-mullerian system

Question 13

mullerian system

Answer 13

femal sex organs eventually develop

Question 14

wolffian system

Answer 14

eventually turn into male sex organs

Question 15

anti-mullerian

Answer 15

hormone supporess mullerian hormone.

Question 16

all fetus are what gender

Answer 16

female w/0 anti-mullerian

Question 17

brain mechanisms

Answer 17

sexually dimorphic areas in brains of humans/mammals
different between sexes
responsible for sexual behaviors

Question 18

brain regions in sexual behavior

Answer 18

medial preoptic area (MPA)
SDN
BNST
VMH
VNO

Question 19

Medial preoptic area (MPA)

Answer 19

male sexual behavior. larger in males

Question 20

SDN

Answer 20

subregion of MPA- larger in males. male sexual behavior

Question 21

BNST

Answer 21

important in ANIMALS for chemosensation (smell). 2.5x larger in men v women.

Question 22

VMH

Answer 22

female sexual behavior (similiar to SDN)

Question 23

VNO

Answer 23

pheromone signaling

Question 24

effects of pheromones (3)

Answer 24

vandenbergh
whitten
bruce

Question 25

vandenbergh effect

Answer 25

earlier onset of puberty in females when housed with males. aceclerates sexual development

Question 26

whitten effect

Answer 26

synchronization of menstral cycle in a group of females with presence of male pheromones.

Question 27

bruce effect

Answer 27

in female rodent, when they are pregnant, and they smell another rats urine that is not in their blood line, they can spontaneously abort their baby to mate with the male

Question 28

male prarie voles

Answer 28

monogamous- once they mate, its forever, never remate, even if mate dies

Question 29

male meadow voles

Answer 29

are promiscuous SLUTS

Question 30

meadow voles

Answer 30

have fewer vasopressin receptors in ventral pallidum