research Flashcards
what is a hypothesis
a testable statement about the relationship between two variables IV AND DV
what is order effect
this occurs when a participants performance in the 2nd condition of an experiment is affected because they already did the 1st condition
what are participant variables
the differences between the people who take part in the study
what are standardised procedures
a set order of carrying out a study that is applied to all participants when necessary
what is random allocation
a procedure for putting participants into conditions by chance
what is counterbalancing
a procedure for evening out the order in which participants complete both conditions of an experiment
what is an extraneous variable
a variable that is not the independent variable but might affect the dependant variable if not controlled
what is randomisation
using chance to produce an order for a procedure
what is a target population
the large group of people the researcher wishes to study
what is a sample
the small group of people who represent the target population and who are studied
what is a random sample
every member of the TP has an equal chance of being selected for the sample
what is an opportunity sample
people who are members of the target population and are available and willing to take part
what is a systematic sample
every nth person of the TP is selected for the sample
what is a stratified sample
the different sub groups in the TP are identified then people are randomly selected from the subgroups in proportion to their numbers in the TP
what is raw data
the scores collected in a study that have not been analysed or summarised
