Research Methods

Question 1

7 steps of scientific research?

Answer 1

1- Identify problem
2- Construct hypothesis
3- Design method
4- Collect data
5- Analyse evidence/data
6- Interpret data
7- Communicate findings

Question 2

4 Ethical Values?

Answer 2

Justice, Research merit & Integrity, Beneficience, Respect.

Question 3

Ethics?

Answer 3

Role of experimenter, Informed consent, deception, Professional Conduct

Question 4

Ethical Rights?

Answer 4

Privacy, Anonymity, Confidentiality, Voluntary Participation, Withdrawal rights

Question 5

Non Experimental Research Types (4)?

Answer 5

Case Studies, Correlational, Surveys, Archival

Question 6

Experimental Hypothesis Structure?

Answer 6

Statement relating to IV & DV, Relationship between variables (ie increase/decrease)

Question 7

Operational Hypothesis Structure?

Answer 7

A testable prediction that needs to be stated in the way it’s measured. 4 requirements; Population, operationalised IV AND DV, Direction of relationship.

Question 8

4 Types of validity?

Answer 8

Face, construct, concurrent (same instruments)), predictive.

Question 9

2 types of Reliability & Describe

Answer 9

Internal Consistency ( tested more than once), Test Re-Test (consistent performance, 1st time is similar/same to 2nd)

Question 10

Define Cause and Effect Relationship:

Answer 10

Researcher attempts to control conditions in an experiment & eliminate the influence of unwanted variables. By isolating the control group, it determines whether the IV causes effect on the DV.

Question 11

2 Types of data:

Answer 11

Qualitative: Not expressed in numbers, but description.
Quantitative: Numerical data expressed in number form.

Question 12

Define participants:

Answer 12

People who provide data in psychological studies & experiments.

Question 13

Define Sample:

Answer 13

[A smaller group of researcher participants] [selected from a population of research interest] [and who’s data is generalised to the population.]

Question 14

Experimental and non-experimental groups create a ___?

Answer 14

Standard of comparison

Question 15

Define Scientific Research:

Answer 15

Research that follows a particular step-by-step scientific method (7 steps)

Question 16

Define Non-scientific research:

Answer 16

Research that doesn’t follow 7 steps

Question 17

Define Experimental Research:

Answer 17

When the researcher/scientist manipulates variables to see their effect.

Question 18

Define Non Experimental Research:

Answer 18

Doesn’t involve manipulation of variables to see their effect.