resp 8

Question 1

name the steps of CO2 removal that the lungs

Answer 1

the CO2 in the plasma goes into alveoi

HbCO2 —> Hb + CO2 (then leaves the blood cell and goes into alveoli)

exchanger reverses so HCO3- can go back to CO2 and go into alveoli

Question 2

what is our current model for understanding control of respiration?

Answer 2

1. medulla controls inspire and expire muscles
2. Pons give sesory info and interact with medulla neurons which influences ventillation
3. rythmic breathing unconsious comes from neurons in the brainstem
4. modulated by chemo&mechano receptors in higher-brain centers

Question 3

which control bundles are in the medulla?

Answer 3

DRG and VRG

Question 4

which control bundles are in the Pons?

Answer 4

PRG

Question 5

what does the DRG do? and what does the coat NTS do?

Answer 5

controls inspiratory muscles via phrenic nerve and intercostal nerve

NTS receives input from the peripheral mechano and chemoreceptors

Question 6

what does PRG do?

Answer 6

receives sensory information from the DRG to coordinate a smooth muscle rythm

Question 7

what does VRG do?

Answer 7

has a region called the PRE-BOTZINGER COMPLEX which has pacemakers that initiate respiration

control muscles but typically remian quiet

-keeps upper airways open (can cause snoring)

Question 8

is neuronal ramping a feedback loop? yes or no, why?

Answer 8

yes. during inspiration, neuron activity steadily increases. at the end of inspiration, it suddenly shuts off.

Question 9

how do glomus cells know when O2 is low?

Answer 9

ATP sensitive K+ channel

open when normal O2
closed when less O2 which depolarizes Glomus cell and releases Ach which sends signal to medulla

peripheral chemoreceptor

Question 10

what do the central chemoreceptors do? (in spine)

Answer 10

provides continous intput to control center and is sensitve to H+

respond to H+ (the ones that are converted from CO2) cuz H+ cannot cross the barrier