Resp LAWS - Resit

Question 1

what is boyle’s law?

Answer 1

as the volume of a gas increases, pressure exerted by the gas decreases

Question 2

what is LaPlace’s law in relation to?

Answer 2

surfactant production

Question 3

what does LaPlace’s law predict?

Answer 3

that smaller alveoli have a higher tendency to collapse

Question 4

3 forces keeping alveoli open?

Answer 4

1. transmural pressure gradient
2. pulmonary surfactant
3. alveolar interdependence

Question 5

2 forces promoting alveolar collapse?

Answer 5

1. elasticity of stretched pulmonary connective tissue fibers
2. alveolar surface tension

Question 6

muscles of active expiration?

Answer 6

abdominal muscles and internal intercostal muscles

Question 7

major muscles of inspiration

Answer 7

sternum, external intercostal muscles, diaphragm

Question 8

accessory muscles of inspiration

Answer 8

scalenus and sternocleidomastoid

Question 9

equation for pulmonary ventilation?

Answer 9

PV = tidal volume x RR

Question 10

equation for alveolar ventilation?

Answer 10

(tidal volume - dead space volume) x RR

Question 11

what is Dalton’s law of partial pressures?

Answer 11

the total pressure exerted by a gaseous mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual component in the gas mixture

Question 12

what is the partial pressure of a gas?

Answer 12

the pressure that one gas in a mixture would exert if it was the only gas present occupying the whole volume that the mixture does

Question 13

what is fick’s law?

Answer 13

amount of gas that moves across a sheet of tissue, in a certain time, is proportional to the area of the sheet but INVERSELY proportional to it’s thickness

Question 14

what is henry’s law?

Answer 14

gas dissolved in a liquid is proportional to the PP of the gas, in equilibrium with the liquid

Question 15

Tidal volume

Answer 15

Volume of air entering or leaving lungs during a single breath

Question 16

inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 16

Extra volume of air that can be maximally inspired over and above the typical resting tidal volume

Question 17

inspiratory capacity

Answer 17

Maximum volume of air that can be inspired at the end of a normal quiet expiration

Question 18

expiratory reserve volume

Answer 18

Extra volume of air that can be actively expired by maximal contraction beyond the normal volume of air after a resting tidal volume

Question 19

residual volume

Answer 19

Minimum volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a maximal expiration

Question 20

functional residual capacity

Answer 20

Volume of air in lungs at end of normal passive expiration

Question 21

vital capacity

Answer 21

Maximum volume of air that can be moved out during a single breath following a maximal inspiration

Question 22

total lung capacity

Answer 22

Maximum volume of air that the lungs can hold

Question 23

forced expiratory volume in one second

Answer 23

Volume of air that can be expired during the first second of expiration in an FVC (Forced Vital Capacity) determination