resp mechanics

Question 1

major inspiratory muscles

Answer 1

diaphragm and externla intercostalsac

Question 2

accessory muscles of inspiration

Answer 2

onyl during forceful inspiration
sternocleidomastoid, scalenus and pectoral

Question 3

muscles of active expiration

Answer 3

abdominla muscles and internal intercostals

Question 4

tidal volume

Answer 4

volume of air entering of leaving lungs during a singlr breatj

Question 5

inspiratory resrve volume

Answer 5

Extra volume of air that can be maximally inspired over and above the typical resting tidal volume

Question 6

Expiratory reserve volume

Answer 6

Extra volume of air that can be actively expired by maximal contraction beyond the normal volume of air after a resting tidal volume

Question 7

residual volume

Answer 7

Minimum volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a maximal expiration

Question 8

inspiratory capacity

Answer 8

Maximum volume of air that can be inspired at the end of a normal quiet expiration

Question 9

functional residual capacity

Answer 9

Volume of air in lungs at end of normal passive expiration

Question 10

vital capacity

Answer 10

Maximum volume of air that can be moved out during a single breath following a maximal inspiration

Question 11

total lung capacity

Answer 11

total volume of air the lungs can hold

Question 12

can residual volume be measured by spirometry

Answer 12

no

Question 13

when does residual volume increase

Answer 13

when elastic recoil of lungs is lost; emphysema

Question 14

total lung capacity calc

Answer 14

Vital Capacity + Residual Volume

Question 15

FVC

Answer 15

maximum volume that can be forcibly
Expelled from the lungs following a maximum inspiration

Question 16

FEV1

Answer 16

volume of air that can be expired during the first second of expiration in an FVC (Forced Vital Capacity) determination

Question 17

fev/fvc ratio in asthmatics

Answer 17

<75%

Question 18

ratio in copd post bronchodilator

Answer 18

<70%

Question 19

ratio in restrictive

Answer 19

both reduced so ratio normal

Question 20

effect of parasympathetic stimulation on lungs

Answer 20

bronchoconstrictionm

Question 21

sympathetic stimulaton

Answer 21

bronchodilaiton

Question 22

compliance

Answer 22

measire of effort that as to go into stretching or distending the lungs

Question 23

the less compliant lungs are ..

Answer 23

the more wokr required ot produce a given degree of inflation

Question 24

what might decreased pulmonary compliance show on spirometry

Answer 24

restrictive pattern

Question 25

when might compliance be increased

Answer 25

mephysema due to loss of elastic recoil ; have to work harder to get air out