respiration Flashcards
what is aerobic respiration
An exothermic reaction in which glucose reacts with oxygen to release energy which can be used by cells
what are the equations for aerobic respiration
glucose+oxygen~carbon dioxide+water+(energy)
C6 H12 O6+6O2~6CO2+6H2O
WHERE DOES AEROBIC RESPIRATION TAKE PLACE
In the mitochondria
who do organisms require the energy released by respiration
-synthesis of larger molecules
-muscle contraction
-maintenance of body temperature
-active transport
what is anaerobic respiration
An exothermic reaction in which glucose is broken down to release energy in absence of oxygen
what is the equation for anaerobic respiration
glucose~lactic acid(+energy)
why is anaerobic respiration less efficient than aerobic respiration
glucose isn’t completely broken down, so less energy is transferred
why can anaerobic respiration lead to muscle fatigue
Lactic acid (product of anaerobic respiration) builds up in muscles ,preventing efficient contraction
what is an oxygen debt
the amount of oxygen needed to convert lactic acid back into glucose after anaerobic respiration
what is fermentation
A type of anaerobic respiration that occurs in yeast cell
what is the equation for fermentation
glucose~ethanol+carbon dioxide (+energy)
why is the fermentation reaction important
it is used in the production of bread and alcoholic drinks
what are the differences between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration
Aerobic requires oxygen;oxygen doesnt
-Aerobic produces CO2 and water;anaerobic produces lactic acid or ethanol+co2
-Aerobic transfers a greater amount of energy
how do muscles store glucose
as glycogen
what changes take place when muscular activity increases in the body
-heart rate increases and arteries dilate-increases flow of oxygenated blood
-breathing rate increases and breathing is deeper-increases rate of gas exchange
-stored glycogen is converted back into glucose
