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Pharmacology > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Diphenhydramine (MOA)

A

(1st gen) Reversible inhibitors of H1 histamine receptors

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2
Q

Diphenhydramine (CU)

A

Allergy, motion sickness, sleep aid

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3
Q

Diphenhydramine (T)

A

Sedation, antimuscarinic, anti-alpha-adrenergic

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4
Q

Loratadine (MOA)

A

(2nd gen) Reversible inhibitors of H1 histamine receptors

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5
Q

Loratadine (CU)

A

Allergy

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6
Q

Loratadine (T)

A

Far less sedating than 1st gen due to decreased entry into CNS

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7
Q

Fexofenadine (MOA)

A

(2nd gen) Reversible inhibitors of H1 histamine receptors

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8
Q

Fexofenadine (CU)

A

Allergy

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9
Q

Fexofenadine (T)

A

Far less sedating than 1st gen due to decreased entry into CNS

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10
Q

Desloratadine (MOA)

A

(2nd gen) Reversible inhibitors of H1 histamine receptors

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11
Q

Desloratadine (CU)

A

Allergy

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12
Q

Desloratadine (T)

A

Far less sedating than 1st gen due to decreased entry into CNS

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13
Q

Cetirizine (MOA)

A

(2nd gen) Reversible inhibitors of H1 histamine receptors

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14
Q

Cetirizine (CU)

A

Allergy

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15
Q

Cetirizine (T)

A

Far less sedating than 1st gen due to decreased entry into CNS

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16
Q

Guaifenesin

A

Expectorant - things respiratory secretions; does not suppress cough reflex

17
Q

N-acetylcysteine

A

Mucolytic - can loosen mucous plugs in CF pts. Also used as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose.

18
Q

Dextromethorphan

A

Antitussive (antagonizes NMDA glutamate receptors). Synthetic codine analog. Has mild opioid effect when used in excess. Naloxone can be given for overdose. Mild abuse potential.

19
Q

Pseudoephedrine (MOA)

A

Sympathomimetic alpha-agonistic nonprescription nasal decongestant

20
Q

Pseudoephedrine (CU)

A

Reduce hyperemia, edema, and nasal congestion; open obstructed eustachian tubes.

21
Q

Pseudoephedrine (T)

A

HTN. Can also cause CNS stimulation/anxiety

22
Q

Phenylephrine (MOA)

A

Sympathomimetic alpha-agonistic nonprescription nasal decongestant

23
Q

Phenylephrine (CU)

A

Reduce hyperemia, edema, and nasal congestion; open obstructed eustachian tubes.

24
Q

Phenylephrine (T)

A

HTN

25
Q

Albuterol

A

Beta2 agonist. relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Use during acute exacerbation

26
Q

Salmeterol

A

Beta2 agonist. relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Long-acting agents for prophylaxis. Adverse effects are tremor and arrhythmia.

27
Q

Formoterol

A

Beta2 agonist. relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Long-acting agents for prophylaxis. Adverse effects are tremor and arrhythmia.

28
Q

Theophylline

A

Bronchodilation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase - increases cAMP levels due to decreased cAMP hydrolysis. Narrow therapeutic index (cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity; metabolized by cut P450. Blocks actions of adenosine.

29
Q

Ipratropium

A

competitive block of muscarine receptors, preventing bronchoconstriction. Also used for COPD.

30
Q

Beclomethasone

A

Inhibit the synthesis of virtually all cytokines. Inactivate NF-kB, the transcription factor that indices production of TNF-alpha and other inflammatory agents. 1st line therapy for chronic asthma.

31
Q

Fluticasone

A

Inhibit the synthesis of virtually all cytokines. Inactivate NF-kB, the transcription factor that indices production of TNF-alpha and other inflammatory agents. 1st line therapy for chronic asthma.

32
Q

Montelukast

A

Block leukotriene receptors. Especially good for aspirin induces asthma

33
Q

Zafirlukast

A

Block leukotriene receptors. Especially good for aspirin induces asthma

34
Q

Zileuton

A

5-lipooxygenase pathway inhibitor. Blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes

35
Q

Omalizumab

A

Monoclonal anti-IgE antibody. Binds mostly unbound serum IgE and blocks binding to FceRI. Used in allergic asthma resistant to inhaled steroids and long acting B2-agonists.

36
Q

Methacholine

A

Muscarine receptor agonist. Used in bronchial provocation challenge to help diagnose asthma

37
Q

Bosentan

A

Used to treat pulmonary HTN. Completely antagonizes endothelin-1 receptors, decreases pulmonary vascular resistance

Pharmacology (10 decks)

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