respiratory System Flashcards
1
Q
Lungs
A
- Occupy thorax
- mediastinum separates the a lungs
- right lung → 3 lobes
- left lung → 2 lobes ( smaller than right )
2
Q
Hilum
A
A part in each lung, where the blood vessels and the bronchi exists / enter the lungs
3
Q
Trachea
A
4
Q
Bronchi
A
5
Q
How bronchi and bronchioles differ?
A
Size
# Presence of cartilage
# type of epithelium
6
Q
What type of muscle do bronchioles surrounded by?
A
smooth muscle.
Can contract or relax to adjust the diameter of these tiny airway
7
Q
Alveoli
A
- Air sacs
- Millions → surface area of ~ 100m^2
- extremely thin walls ( single layer of squamous epithelial cells ~ 0.5 micrometer thick )
8
Q
What is pneumocytes?
A
9
Q
Why alveolar walls contain elastic Fibers?
A
10
Q
Why are alveolar walls surrounded by blood capillaries?
A
11
Q
What compose pulmonary surfactant?
A
12
Q
What is the function of pulmonary surfactant?
A
13
Q
Whet are the layers of the respiratory membrane?
A
14
Q
What are the functions of the respiratory system?
A
15
Q
Negative pressure breathing
A
