Review Questions 2 Flashcards
- Well circumscribed
- Gelatinous
- Grey masses
- often w/ cysts
- focal hemorrhage
- calcifications seen in 90% of tumors
oligodendroglioma
Genetic factor of Parkinson Disease
- Rare, autosomal dominant
- Early onset
- Point mutation of chromosome 4
Which part of the brain is the best place to examine for the 3 microscopic findings to dx AD?
Hippocampus
Highly malignant, but is extremely radiosensitve tumor if dx early enough.
If untreated is rapidly fatal.
Medulloblastoma
- Intracranial tumor
- Arises from arachnoid villi
- Produces sxs by compressing brain tissue
Meningioma
When does Parkinson Disease incidence decline?
After 80 yrs old
Etiology of Alzheimer Disease
Idiopathic, but there is suspicion for viral cause which is not proven
- Accounts for 20% of all brain tumors in children
- Arises exclusively in the cerebellum
Medulloblastoma
When does Parkinson Disease usually appear?
- 6th decade (50-59 yrs)
- 8th decade (70-79 yrs)
discrete spherical masses of silver-staining neuritic processes surrounding a central amyloid core. Found predominantly in the hippocampus and amygdala, as well as the cortex.
Senile (neuritic) Plaques
What is the most common genetic alteration of a medulloblastoma?
Loss of material from short arm of chromosome 17
- Slow growing tumor due to absence of mitotic figures and necrosis
- Have a better prognosis than patients w/ astrocytomas
- Several yrs of neuro complaints (seizures)
Oligodendroglioma
- Tremors AT REST
- Muscular rigidity
- Expressionless/Mask-like Face
- Emotional lability (depression/dementia)
- Drooling
- Very little blinking
- Cog-wheel rigidity
Clinical features of Parkinson Disease
Is not genetic, sex, or racial
Parkinson Disease
Arises in white matter, usually in cerebral hemispheres in adults
Oligodenroglioma
- Which parts of the brain are affected by AD?
- Which part is spared?
- Bilateral cortical atrophy of frontal, temporal, parietal, and hippocampal cortices
- Spares occiput
Corticol disease (outside of brain affected)
Alzheimer Disease
Which neurotransmitter is deficient in Parkinson Disease?
Dopamine (produced by Substantia Nigra, are responsible for relaying messages that plan/control body movement)
Small, round, blue cell tumors of childhood
(neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, Ewing’s Sarcoma)
Medulloblastoma
What group of brain tumors account for 60% of primary intracranial neoplasms?
Gliomas (tumors of neuroectodermal origin)
Pain down back/leg/knee when hip is flexed
Kernig’s Sign (sign of bacterial meningitis)
What 3 microscopic features are needed to dx Alzheimer Disease?
- Senile Plaques
- Neurofibrillary tangles
- Beta-protein Amyloid Angiopathy