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UTS > REVIEW - UTS > Flashcards

REVIEW - UTS Flashcards

1
Q

the unexamined life is not worth living.”

A

SOCRATES

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2
Q

Founder of The Academy
“Good is above God”

A

P l a t o

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3
Q

rational and the motivation is for goodness
a n d t r u t h

A

The reason

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4
Q

non-rational and is the will or drive
towards action; initially neutral but can be influenced into t w o d i r e c t i o n s

A

The spirited

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5
Q

irrational and lean towards the desire for
pleasure of the body

A

The appetites

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6
Q

what people in the cave see are
only shadows of reality which they believe are real things and represent knowledge; only the Forms are real

A

Allegory of the cave

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7
Q

“I think, therefore I am” (Cogito Ergo Sum)

Father of modern philosophy

A

R e n e D e s c a r t e s

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8
Q

Experience is that upon which ‘all our knowledge is
founded; and from that is ultimately derives itself’

A

J o h n L o c k e

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9
Q

blank slate

A

Tabula r a s a

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10
Q

where actions that are praiseworthy are
c a l l e d v i r t u e s

A

L a w of opinion

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11
Q

where right actions are enforced by people in
authority

A

Civil law

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12
Q

Three laws according to Locke:

A

L a w of opinion

Civil law

Divine law

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13
Q

set by God on the actions of man

A

Divine law

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14
Q

The mind receives materials from the senses and calls it perceptions

A

D a v i d H u m e

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15
Q

Two types of perceptions:

A

Impression
I d e a s

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16
Q

immediate sensations of external reality

A

Impression

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17
Q

recollections of these impressions
Impression and ideas = make up the content of the
h u m a n mind

A

I d e a s

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18
Q

A self must exist or there could be no memory or
knowledge

A

I m m a n u e l
K a n t

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19
Q

Repressed thoughts and memories have enough psychic energy to impose their control on the person’s c o n s c i o u s n e s s

A

Sigmund
Freud

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20
Q

Made use of free association and dream analysis

A

Sigmund
Freud

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21
Q

Structures of t h e mind:

A

Id
Ego
Superego

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22
Q

pleasure principle; demands immediate satisfaction

A

Id

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23
Q

reality principle; mediates between the id and
s u p e r e g o

A

Ego

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24
Q

morality principle; rewards & punishment

A

Superego

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25
Q

English philosopher
Denied the concept of an internal, nophysical self e

A

G i l b e r t
R y le

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26
Q

Two types of knowledge:

A

Knowing-that
Knowing-how

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27
Q

knowing facts/information

A

Knowing-that

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28
Q

using facts in the performance of some
skill or technical abilities

A

Knowing-how

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29
Q

Unique and has its own identity

A

Separate

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30
Q

Has its own thoughts, characteristics, and volition

A

Self-contained & independent

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31
Q

Expected t o persist f o r quite some t i m e

A

C o n s i s t e n t

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32
Q

Like a chief command post where all processes,
emotions, and thoughts converge

A

Unitary

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33
Q

Each person sorts out information, feelings,
emotions, and thought processes within the self

A

P r i v a t e

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34
Q

a French anthropologist who stated
that every self has two (2) faces:

A

Moi
Personne

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35
Q

Remaining the same person and turning chameleon
by adapting to one’s context can be explained by ______

A

Marcel Mauss

36
Q

a person’s sense of who he is, his body, his
basic identity, and his biological givenness

A

Moi

37
Q

social concepts of what it means to be
w h o h e is

A

Personne

38
Q

used to describe the power of
the environment in shaping human behavior

A

Social behaviorism

39
Q

Mead’s social self

A

G e o rg e
H e r b e r t
M e a d

40
Q

a dimension of personality that is made-up of
the individual’s self-awareness and self-image
(Macionis, 2012)

A

Self

41
Q

Three (3) stages of development of the self:

A

Preparatory Stage

Play Stage

Game S t a g e

42
Q

S e l f d i d n o t e x i s t a t
birth but develops
over time

A

Preparatory Stage

43
Q

Role play and
pretending to be
other people

A

Play Stage

44
Q

• 8 or 9 years old
• Several tasks are
c o n s i d e r e d a s well
as various types of
relationships

A

Game S t a g e

45
Q

Behavior of the person when he sees other people in
t h e c o u r s e of his actions

A

Generalized o t h e r

46
Q

People learn who they are through their social
interactions with other people.

A

C h a r l e s
H o r t o n
Cooley

47
Q

the self that is a product of
social interaction

A

Looking-glass self

48
Q

Four fields of anthropology

A

• Archeology
• Linguistics
• Biological anthropology
• Cultural anthropology

49
Q

Focus is on the past and
how it may have contributed
to the present ways of how
people conduct their daily
life.

A

Archeology

50
Q

important aspect
of h u m a n n a t u r e

A

Survival

51
Q

Focus is on how the human body adapts to
different environment (e.g., cause of death,
physical mutation, death)

A

Biological anthropology

52
Q

Human survival is linked to their ability to
c o m m u n i c a t e

A

Linguistic anthropology

53
Q

identifies a group of people (i.e.,
words, sounds, symbols, writings, and signs are
used as reflection of a group’s culture)

A

Language

54
Q

a group of people’s way of life that
includes their behavior, beliefs, values, and
symbols that are accepted and socially
transmitted through communication and
imitation from generations to generation

A

Culture

55
Q

human
nature is determined by ideas, meanings,
beliefs, and values learned as members of
society.

A

Theory of cultural determinism

56
Q

Ways that culture manifest in people

A

Symbols
H e r o e s
Rituals
Values

57
Q

words, gestures, pictures, or objects
recognized/accepted in a culture

A

Symbols

58
Q

persons from the past or present who have
characteristics that are important in a culture

A

H e r o e s

59
Q

activities participated in by a group of people
for the fulfillment of desired objectives

A

Rituals

60
Q

core of every culture; unconscious

A

Values

61
Q

2 Ways which concept of self is viewed in different society

A
  1. EGOCENTRIC
  2. SOCIOCENTRIC
62
Q

autonomous and distinct individual

A

EGOCENTRIC

63
Q

Self is contingent on a situation or social setting

A

SOCIOCENTRIC

64
Q

Americans - assertive and independent

A

EGOCENTRIC

65
Q

Japanese - Interdependent between person and group
Chinese - Mutual dependence

A

SOCIOCENTRIC

66
Q

Development begins after birth a n d observed in child- rearing practices of parents in the west

A

I n d i v i d u a l i s t i c S e l f

67
Q

Independence and self-reliance form the development of t h e self in ___________

A

W e s t e r n c u l t u r e s

68
Q

Ingrained among the culture of individuals in the East

A

C o l l e c t i v e Self

69
Q

establish strong bonds with their
families and bound by their customs, beliefs, and
traditions of the group they are in

A

Collectivist culture

70
Q

Unconscious efforts to conceal painful thoughts

A

D e f e n s e m e c h a n i s m

71
Q

Ego uses defense mechanisms to fend of __________

A

anxiety and guilty

72
Q

Unknowingly placing an
unpleasant memory or
thought in the unconscious

A

Repression

73
Q

Reverting back to immature
behavior from an earlier
s t a g e of d e v e l o p m e n t

A

Regression

74
Q

Redirecting unacceptable
feelings from the original
source to a safer, substitute
target

A

Displacement

75
Q

Replacing socially
unacceptable impulses
with socially acceptable
behavior

A

Sublimation

76
Q

Acting in exactly the
opposite way to one’s
unacceptable impulses

A

Reaction formation

77
Q

Attributing one’s own
unacceptable feelings and
thoughts to others and not
yourself

A

Projection

78
Q

Creating false excuses for
one’s unacceptable
feelings, thoughts, or
behavior

A

Rationalization

79
Q

Believed that each stage of psychosocial
development was important but placed a
particular emphasis on the development of the
ego identity (conscious sense of self that is
developed through social interaction and is a
central focus during the adolescence stage)

A

Erik Erikson

80
Q

Trust vs. mistrust

A

i n f a n c y
0-1 year

81
Q

Autonomy vs. shame/doubt

A

Early childhood
1 - 3 years

82
Q

Initiative vs. guilt

A

Play age
3-6 years

83
Q

Industry vs. inferiority

A

School age
7-11 years

84
Q

Identity vs. confusion

A

A d o l e s c e n c e
12-18 years

85
Q

Intimacy vs. isolation

A

Early adulthood
19-29 years

86
Q

Generativity vs. stagnation

A

Middle age
30-64 years

87
Q

Integrity vs. despair

A

Old age
65 onward

UTS (1 decks)

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