Revision-Comprehensive adult Orthodontic treatment Flashcards
1
Q
‘Adult malocclusions originate from two sources:
A
- malocclusions that occur during the period of occlusal development, which may worsen with increasing age,
- as a result of the ongoing, age-related deterioration of the permanent dentition.
- Biology changes
- Soft tissue
- Craniofacial changes
- Effects of other factors
2
Q
Fibroblasts
A
- The proliferative activities of fibroblast-like cells decrease with age
- Retains of water changes with age.
3
Q
Capillaries
A
- Number of branches found in the vascular bed - decreases
- Amount of blood flow to tissues decreases
4
Q
Nerves
A
- Changes in number of neuro receptors
- Age related decrease in sensory responsiveness.
5
Q
Bone
A
- Mechanical properties changes
- Macroscopically- trabecular bone volume decreases.
- Osteoblastic activity-reduces
- Imbalance between resorption & apposition.More resorption
- Sinus size-increases
- Bone density decreases & porosity increases with age.
6
Q
Teeth
A
- More root exposure
- Short crown root ratio
- Center of Resistance(CR) shift -apically
- Diameter of pulpal canal reduces
- Decreased vascularity & innervation - ability of pulp recovery decreases.
7
Q
Age-related changes in the craniofacial skeleton
A
- with age there is an increase in the prognathism of both jaws along with an anterior rotation of the mandible leading to a decrease in the lower facial height .
- the reduction of facial height and the increased depth of the face is strongly associated with tooth loss .
- Forward and downward displacement of the hard tissue pogonion , and retroclination of the lower incisors , leading to the development of mandibular dentoalveolar retrognathism .
- Dysfunction can result in excessive wear and abrasion of the dentition contributes to the reduction in anterior face height and a deepening of the bite .
- Late mandibular growth
8
Q
Effects of bone metabolism-effect on tooth movement:
sos! pay attention on the drugs mentioned here
A
9
Q
Soft tissue
A
- Changes in facial soft tissues continues with aging and they are much larger in magnitude than changes in the hard tissues .
- The lips and other tissues of the face, sag downward with aging resulting in a decrease of the exposure of upper incisors and increase of the lower .
- Lips are getting thinner
10
Q
Factors-Adults vs Adolescents
A
11
Q
Adjunctive orthodontic Tx
Definition
A
tooth movement carried out to facilitate other dental procedures necessary to control disease & restore function.
12
Q
Adjunctive orthodontic Tx
GOALS:
A
- Facilitate restorative treatment
- Improve PDL health
- Create a favorable crown to root ratio
13
Q
Adjunctive orthodontic Tx
Examples:
A
- Uprighting of molars
- Forced eruption
- Intrusion of molars
- Space opening for implant or bridge placement
14
Q
Comprehensive Adult
Orthodontic treatment
A
The treatment principles applicable to adult patients are basically limited to tooth movements and orthognathic surgery.
- Orthodontic appliances
- Comprehensive adult Orthodontic treatment-cases presentation
15
Q
Retention
Retention is necessary because:
A
- The gingival and periodontal tissues are affected by orthodontic tooth movement and require time for reorganization when the appliances are removed.
- The teeth may be in an inherently unstable position after the treatment, so soft tissue pressures constantly produce a relapse tendency.
- Changes produced by growth may alter the orthodontic treatment result.
