RNA Viruses +

Question 1

Picornavirus Overview

Answer 1

-RNA, Positive Sense, Naked

Trans: Fecal Oral Route (except rhino)

-Replicate in cytoplasm

Includes: Hepatitis A, Enteroviruses, Rhinovirus

-Entero: MENingitis

Viral: normal glucose, aseptic, elevated protein levels

Question 2

Poliovirus

Answer 2

Causes POLIO (mostly eradicated)

-Acid Stable
-Rep in Peyer’s Patches
-Affects anterior horn of spinal cord

SX
-Asym. paralysis (legs)
-Myalgias, tendon reflexes
-Resp. insufficiency

Vac
-Salk: inactivated (IgG only)
-Sabin: live att (IgA and G)

Question 3

Coxsackievirus

Answer 3

A: Hand, foot, mouth disease
-Red vesicular rash
-Meningitis (aseptic)

B: Dilated cardiomyopathy
-Pleurodynia (devil’s grip or Bornholm’s)

Supportive TX

Question 4

Rhinovirus

Answer 4

Common Cold

-Acid Labile
-Trans: respiratory (fomites): upper
-No vaccine bc very many stereotypes

ICAM 1 (entry)

Question 5

Hepatitis A

Answer 5

-Causes Hepatitis
-Acid stable
-Fecal Oral Transmission

Inactivate Hep A in Water:
-Chlorine, Bleach, UV, Boiled
(in developing countries)
-In US: shellfish
(common in travelers)

-Jaundice
-Smokers: aversion to smoking

SX: 1 month, self limiting, no carrier state

Inactivated vaccine

Question 6

Calicivirus (Norovirus)

Answer 6

-RNA, Positive Sense, Naked

-Cruises, ppl in close quarters, schools, shellfish

-Explosive watery diarrhea

Question 7

Flavivirus

Answer 7

-Hep C (hepatitis)

-Dengue (hem/RF) - mos

-Yellow fever (jaundice, backache, bloody diarrhea) - mos {live vaccine}

-West Nile (birds, mos): encephalitis, meningitis, flaccid paralysis, seiz/coma

Question 8

Hepatitis C

Answer 8

Trans: infected blood, needles, placenta, sex, breastfeeding
-Blood transfusion pre 90s with liver issues

Variability so no vaccine

No 3-5 reading, lack of proofreading

-Jaundice, pain, enlarged liver, increased liver enzymes
-Chronic: hepato carcinoma

Acute: ALT rise/fall 6mo
-Cryoglobulins

TX: Ribavirin, IFN-Alpha, Protease Inhibitors (RIP A HIPPO)

Question 9

Togavirus (arbo and rubella)

Answer 9

ARBOVIRUS (arthropod/mos)
-Western Equine
-Eastern Equine
= cause Encephalitis (HA/F/Focal def)
NO TX

RUBELLA
-Childhood (RespD): Lymphadenopathy (rash: begins on face and goes downward), fever/fatigue
-Torch, Baby: cataracts, deaf, arteriosus (main) - retard, blind, jaundice, BBMR, etc
-Adult: arthritis, myalgia
NO TX but MMR live vaccine! - not given to pregnant/IC

(Immigrant keyword for rubella case sometimes)

Question 10

Coronavirus

Answer 10

-Helical virus, reps in cytoplasm
-Common cold and SARS, MERS

SX
-Bronchitis, resp. distress

PCR or AB test

Question 10

HIV

Answer 10

-Primary: flu/mono, lymphadenopathy, tonsils, fever

-Latent: <200 CD4 = AIDS, B cell lymphoma

-Screening: ELISA test = + = Western Blot confirmation

-TX: Anti Retro Viral Therapy, combo therapy is better
(NRTIs - zidovudine - preg pts)
(NNRTIs, Protease Inhibitors, CCR5 Inhibitors aka Maraviroc)

Question 11

-Picornavirus Overview =
-Poliovirus =
-Coxsackievirus =
-Rhinovirus =
-Hepatitis A =
-Calicivirus (Norovirus) =
-Flavivirus (Hep C) =
-Togavirus (arbo and rubella) =
-Coronavirus =
-HIV =

Answer 11

= Zoo Overview
= Flamingos
= Cockatoos
= Rhinos
= A Hippo
= Cali Sea Cruise
= Cool Hippo in the Sea
= Toga King
= Crowned King in Field
= Wizard