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Microbiology > RNA Viruses > Flashcards

RNA Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Diseases cause by the RNA virus

A

Most common cause of the cold

Acute bronchitis

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2
Q

Common cold agents

A 
Respiratory syncytial virus
Influenza
Coxsackie A virus
Echovirus
Coronavirus
Adenovirus
Parainfluenza 
(RICE CAP)
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3
Q

How are enterovirus groups transmitted?

A

Fecal-oral transmission

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4
Q

What causes the damage to hepatocytes in Hep A?

A

The immune response

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5
Q

What disease does polio cause?

A

Aseptic meningitis, resulting in flaccid paralysis. Attacks the anterior horn of the spinal cord (motor neurons).

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6
Q

What is looked at in a lumbar puncture?

A

Number of cells (usually low). Viral:mononuclear elevates. Bactrial: neutrophil
Protein: usually low. Viral: moderate. Bacterial: high.
Glucose. Viral:normal. Bacteria: low

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7
Q

Diseases caused by Coxsackie A virus

A 
Herpangina
Hand-foot-mouth disease
Aseptic meningitis
Encephalitis 
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
Common cold
Myocarditis, pericarditis
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8
Q

Diseases caused by Echo virus

A

Aseptic meningitis
Boston exanthem
Common cold

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9
Q

Diseases cause by Hep A

A

Jaundice

Infectious hep

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10
Q

Diseases caused by Norovirus

A

Cruise ship diarrhea

Summer diarrhea

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11
Q

Hep E Diseases

A

Epidemic hepatitis. Very severe in pregnant woman.

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12
Q

Rotavirus

A

Cats/dogs may be a source. Causes significant dehydration

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13
Q

Diseases caused by rotavirus

A

Acute infantile diarrhea. Winter diarrhea

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14
Q

Colorado tick Fever Virus

A

Fever, headache, severe myalgia. Can cause encephalitis or meningitis

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15
Q

Human T-cell Lymphotrophic Virus

A

Similar to HIV, can involve IV drug users.

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16
Q

Diseases caused by Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus

A

Asymptomatic. Acute T-cell lymphocytic leukemia. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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17
Q

HIV

A

Binds to CD4 receptors on macrophages and later T-helper cells. Is a provirus that integrates into the chromosome.

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18
Q

Target of HIV drugs

A

Reverse transcriptase, RNA-dependent DNA polymerase

19
Q

Primary HIV

A

Initial flu-like symptoms/mono-like symptoms.

20
Q

Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy

A

Typically after 5-10 years of contracting the virus

21
Q

Rubella virus

A

Causes fever, rash, lymphadenopathy in children.

22
Q

Congenital rubella

A

Can cause congenital defects in fetuses under 16 weeks. Miscarriages, stillbirths, cataracts, cardiomyopathy, hearing defects, teratogenesis

23
Q

Tick associated family of viruses

A

Powassan Encephalitis

24
Q

Swine associated family of viruses

A

Nipha & hendra viruses

25
Q

Equine Encephalitis Togaviruses

A

Restricted to the Americas. Flu-like symptoms. Causes encephalitis.

26
Q

Flavirirdae Encephalitis Virus

A

West Nile, St. Louis Encephalitis, Zika Fever. Restricted to North America.

27
Q

Most common arboviral Encephalitis

A

West Nile Virus

28
Q

Yellow Fever Virus

A

Restricted to Africa and South America. Causes jaundice

29
Q

Dengue Virus

A

Flu-like syndrome. Hepatitis. Hemorrhagic Fever. Break bone (extremely deep pain) fever. If recurrent infection, second infection is worse.

30
Q

Hep C & Hep G

A

Chronic hepatitis. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Blood born

31
Q

Rabies Virus

A

Encephalitis. Hydrophobia. Muscle weakness.Transmitted via saliva. Negri bodies. 2-10 weeks after exposure.

32
Q

Marburg and Ebola virus

A

On the bioterroist list. From monkeys. Extensive tissue destruction, leading to hypovolemic shock. Acute hemorrhagic fever disease.

33
Q

Coronavirus

A

2nd most common cause of cold. SARS.

34
Q

Torovirus

A

Summer diarrhea, epidemic diarrhea.

35
Q

Infant gastroenteritis causes (viral)

A 
Rotaviruses (winter)
Adenoviruses (intussusception)
Coxsackie A (Picorna)
36
Q

Children/Adults Gastroenteritis

A

Norovirus (summer cruise ships)
Astrovirus (summer)
Torovirus (corona)

37
Q

Parainfluenza virus

A 
Parainfluenza (URTI)
Croup (resembles bacterial epiglottitis)
Laryngitis
Common cold
Syncytia
38
Q

Mumps

A

Parotid gland infection.
Aseptic meningitis.
Encephalitis
Orchitis

39
Q

Measles virus

A

Cough, corzya, conjunctivitis (3C’s), photophobia, severe rash, Koplik spots. Pneumonia. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

40
Q

Respiratory Syncytial virus

A

Bronchiolitis (typically under 2 y/o)
Pneumonia (<2y/o)
Most common cause of otitis/sinusitis

41
Q

Human Metapneumovirus

A

URTI

42
Q

Nipah & Hendra Viruses

A

Infected bat scat. Swine eat infected fruit. Humans infected by aerosol. causes severe encephalitis.

43
Q

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCM)

A

Pet owners and mouse infestation are at risk.

Microbiology (10 decks)

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