rock and water cycle

Question 1

what things all belong to the geosphere?

Answer 1

soil, rock, and magma

Question 2

what belongs to the bioshpere?

Answer 2

humans, due to the interactions between the earth’s systems

Question 3

what happens when an earth system impacts another?

Answer 3

when an earth system impacts another, it increases the original and is called feedback

Question 4

can any kind of rock change into another rock?

Answer 4

yes, over a long period of time

Question 5

what is the rock cycle?

Answer 5

it describes the main types of rock, how they form, and change

Question 6

what is cooling and crystallization?

Answer 6

as magma cools, crystals grow forming an igneous rock.

Question 7

what is weathering?

Answer 7

it is moving sediments from place to place by air.

Question 8

what is erosion?

Answer 8

breaking down rock with water,wind,ice, plants, and animals

Question 9

what is sedimentation?

Answer 9

when the broken down pieces are dropped somewhere

Question 10

what happens to the sediments?

Answer 10

when they are dropped they are compacted and cemented together in a process that happens over hundreds or thousands of years.

Question 11

what is metamorphism?

Answer 11

if rock is exposed to extreme heat and pressure within the earth’s crust. it does not melt but changes. it just may change the mineral composition.

Question 12

does the rock cycle stop?

Answer 12

no, it is a continuous cycle that never ends.

Question 13

what is the water cycle?

Answer 13

the water cycle is the movement of water through oceans, the atmosphere, and lands.

Question 14

what is the water cycle powered by?

Answer 14

suns energy and the earth.

Question 15

how does water change?

Answer 15

water changes through solids, liquids, and gasses throughout the water cycle.

Question 16

what does evaporation do?

Answer 16

evaporation changes water from liquid to gas. the sun causes this.

Question 17

how does acid rain form?

Answer 17

when pollutants are added to the carbonic acid

Question 18

how does oxygen react?

Answer 18

it reacts strongly with minerals at the earth’s surface

Question 19

what does iron do when oxidizes?

Answer 19

it rusts and often happens to reddish rocks.

Question 20

how do plants cause chemical weathering?

Answer 20

when they change minerals in rock when they take in nutrients.

Question 21

what happens when mechanical weathering happens.

Answer 21

it increases chemical weathering, because it exposes more rock. (smaller pieces dissolve more easily)

Question 22

what are the types of rock minerals?

Answer 22

igneous rocks are solid and more resistant to weathering, but sedimentary rocks weather more easily?

Question 23

what does climate have to do with chemical weathering?

Answer 23

weathering increases as the temperature increases.

Question 24

vegetation purpose?

Answer 24

it increases mechanical and chemical weathering?

Question 25

how can humans cause weathering?

Answer 25

by breaking into rocks. this happens when we build things such as homes or roads.

Question 26

what can chemical weathering do?

Answer 26

it can cause minerals in rock to change their chemical makeup.

Question 27

what can chemical reactions do?

Answer 27

it changes the rock.

Question 28

how are minerals formed?

Answer 28

they form at much higher temperatures and pressures inside the earth.

Question 29

what happens to minerals at earth’s surface?

Answer 29

they are unstable and can easily change. they change into something that is more stable.

Question 30

what does water have to do with chemical weathering?

Answer 30

some types of rock dissolve in water and others are changed by water.

Question 31

what does carbon dioxide do with chemical weathering?

Answer 31

it combines with water as rain falls to form carbonic acid, a weak acid that eats away at rock.

Question 32

what are sedimentary rocks?

Answer 32

types of rock that are formed by deposition of the materials at the earths surface, and appears in layers that happen over a long period of time.

Question 33

what is transpiration?

Answer 33

when liquid water changes into vapor. its when plants release vapor through their leaves.

Question 34

what is condensation?

Answer 34

its when vapor changes into liquid water. it when air cools as it rises in the atmosphere.

Question 35

water cycle?

Answer 35

a cycle where water falls and evaporates over and over again with other parts to it.

Question 36

runoff?

Answer 36

when precipitation flows over land into rivers, lakes, or the oceans.

Question 37

infiltration?

Answer 37

the process by which water soaks into the ground. it may be used by plants.