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Med Term 9 > Roots > Flashcards

Roots Flashcards

0
Q

Anus

A

Latin- ring

Terminal opening of the digestive tract through which feces are discharged

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1
Q

Aliment

A

Nourishment, food

Alimentary- pertaining to the digestive tract

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2
Q

Bari

A

Weight

Bariatric- treatment if obesity

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3
Q

Digestion

A

To break down food into elements suitable for cell metabolism

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4
Q

Esophagus

A

Greek- gullet

Tube linking the pharynx and the stomach

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5
Q

Enter/o

A

Intestine

Gastroenterology- medical specialty of the stomach and intestines

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6
Q

Intestine

A

Gut

The digestive tube from the stomach to anus

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7
Q

Lapar/o

A

Abdomen in general

Laparoscopy-examination of the contents of the abdomen using an endoscope

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8
Q

Nutrient

A

Latin- nourish

A substance in food required for normal physiologic function

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9
Q

Bolus

A

Greek- lump

A single mass of a substance

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10
Q

Deglutition

A

The act of swallowing

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11
Q

Masticate

A

To chew

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12
Q

Stalsis

A

Constrict
Peristalsis- waves of alternate contraction and reclamation of the intestinal wall to move food along the digestive tract

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13
Q

Dent

A

Dent

Dentine- dense, ivory-like substance located under the enamel in a tooth

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14
Q

Enamel

A

French- enamel

Hard substance covering a tooth

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15
Q

Enzyme

A

Protein that induces changes in other substances

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16
Q

Mouth

A

Old English - mouth

External opening of a cavity or canal

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17
Q

Nasopharynx

A

Region of the pharynx at the back of the nose and above the soft palate

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18
Q

Or- (Os)

A

Mouth

Oral- pertaining to the mouth

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19
Q

Palate

A

Latin- palate

Roof of the mouth

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20
Q

Papilla

A

Latin- small pimple

Any small projection

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21
Q

Ot

A

Eat

Parotid gland- the salivary gland beside the ear

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22
Q

Pulp

A

Latin- flesh

Dental pulp in the connective tissue in the cavity in the center of the tooth

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23
Q

Saliva

A

Latin- spit

Secretion in mouth from salivary glands

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24
Q

Lingu

A

Tongue

Sublingual- underneath the tongue

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25
Q

Mandibul

A

Mandible

Submandibular- underneath the mandible

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26
Q

Uvula

A

Latin- grape

Fleshy projection of the soft palate

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27
Q

Aphthous

A

Greek- ulcer

Painful small oral ulcers (canker sores)

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28
Q

Caries

A

Latin- dry rot

Bacterial infection of the teeth

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29
Q

Gingiva

A

Latin- gum

Tissue surrounding the teeth and covering the jaw

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30
Q

Halit

A

Break

Halitosis- bad breath

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31
Q

Odont

A

Tooth

Periodontal- around the tooth

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32
Q

Plaque

A

French- plate

Patch of abnormal tissue

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33
Q

Py/o

A

Pus

Pyorrhea- purulent discharge

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34
Q

Tartar

A

Latin- crust on wine stacks

Calcified deposit at the gingival margin of the teeth

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35
Q

Thrush

A

Root unknown

Infection with Candida albicans

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36
Q

Symptomat

A

Symptom

Asymptomatic- without any symptoms or abnormalities experienced by a patient

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37
Q

Phagia

A

Swallowing

Dysphagia- difficulty swallowing

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38
Q

Emesis

A

To vomit

Hematemesis- vomiting of blood

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39
Q

Hernia

A

Latin- rupture

Protrusion of a structure through the tissue that normally contains it

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40
Q

Hiat

A

Opening

Hiatus- an opening through a structure

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41
Q

Prand

A

Breakfast

Postprandial- following a meal

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42
Q

Flux

A

Flow

Reflux- backwards flow

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43
Q

Sphincter

A

Greek- a band

A band of muscle that encircles an opening; when it contracts, the opening squeezes closed

44
Q

Varix

A

Dilated, tortuous vein

45
Q

Chyme

A

Greek-juice

Semifluid, partially digested food passed from the stomach into the duodenum

46
Q

Duoden

A

Twelve

Duodenum- the first part of the small intestine- approximately 12 finger-breadths (9-10 inches) in length

47
Q

Gastrin

A

Hormone secreted in the stomach that stimulates secretion of HCl and increases gastric motility

48
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

Acid of gastric juice

49
Q

Intrins- on the inside

A

Intrinsic factor- makes the absorption of vitamin B12 happen

50
Q

Mucus

A

Latin- slime

Sticky secretion of cells on mucous membranes

51
Q

Pepsin

A

Greek- to digest

Enzyme produced by the stomach that breaks down protein

52
Q

Pylorus

A

Exit area of the stomach

53
Q

Absorpt

A

To swallow

Absorption- uptake of nutrients and water by the cells in the GI tract

54
Q

Orex

A

Appetite

Anorexia- without an appetite, or an aversion of food

55
Q

Cecum

A

Blind pouch that is the first part of the large intestine

56
Q

Ileum

A

Third portion of the small intestine

57
Q

Jejunum

A

Segment of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum

58
Q

Perforation

A

A hole through the wall of a structure

59
Q

Stricture

A

Latin- draw tight

Narrowing of a tube

60
Q

Bile

A

Fluid secreted by the liver into the duodenum

61
Q

Cirrh

A

Yellow

Cirrhosis- text endive fibrotic liver disease

62
Q

Glyc/o

A

Sugar

Glycogen- the body’s principle carbohydrate reserve, stored in the liver and skeletal muscles

63
Q

Hepat

A

Liver

Hepatic- pertaining to the liver

64
Q

Jaundice

A

French- yellow

Yellow staining of tissues with bike pigments, including bilirubin

65
Q

Liver

A

Old English

Body’s largest organ, located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen

66
Q

Provision

A

Provide

Provisional diagnosis- a temporary diagnosis pending further examination or testing

67
Q

Chol/e

A

Bile

Cholecystitis-inflammation of the gallbladder

68
Q

Cyst

A

Bladder

69
Q

Choledoch/o

A

Common bile duct

Choledocholithiasis- presence of a gallstone in the common bile duct

70
Q

Lith/o

A

Stone

71
Q

Crine

A

Secrete

Endocrine- a gland that produces an internal or hormonal substance and secretes it into the bloodstream

72
Q

Gall

A

Bitter

Gallstone- hard mass of cholesterol, calcium, and bilirubin that can be formed in the gallbladder and bile duct

73
Q

Gallbladder

A

Old English- receptacle

Receptacle on the inferior surface I the liver for storing bile

74
Q

Agon

A

To fight

Glucagon- hormone that mobilizes glucose from the body storage

75
Q

Insul

A

Island

Insulin- pancreatic hormone that suppresses blood glucose levels and transports glucose into cells

76
Q

Pancreas

A

Greek- sweetbread

Lobulated glad, the head of which is tucked into the curve of the duodenum

77
Q

Celi

A

Abdomen

Celiac disease- disease caused by sensitivity to gluten

78
Q

Flatus

A

Latin- blowing

Gas or air expelled through the anus

79
Q

Portal vein

A

The vein that carries blood from the intestines to the liver

80
Q

Starch

A

Anglo-Saxon- stiffen

Complex carbohydrate made of multiple unites of glucose attached together

81
Q

Villus

A

Latin- shaggy hair

Thin, hairlike projection, particularly of a mucous membrane lining a cavity

82
Q

Amino acid

A

The basic building block of a protein

83
Q

Chyle

A

Greek- juice

A milky fluid that results from the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine

84
Q

Emulsify

A

Break up into very small droplets to suspend in a solution (emulsion)

85
Q

Lact/e

A

Milk

Lacteal- a lymphatic vessel carrying chyle away from the intestine

86
Q

Lip

A

Fat

Lipase- enzyme that breaks down fat

87
Q

Mineral

A

Inorganic compound usually found in the earths crust

88
Q

Constip

A

Press together

Constipation- hard, infrequent bowel movements

89
Q

Crohn disease

Regional enteritis

A

Narrowing and thickening of terminal small bowels

90
Q

Entery

A

Condition of the intestine

Dysentery- disease with diarrhea, bowel spasms, fever, an dehydration

91
Q

Rectum

A

Latin- straight

Terminal part of the colon from the sigmoid to the anal column

92
Q

Colon

A

Greek- colon

The large intestine, extending from the cecum to the rectum

93
Q

Flexure

A

Latin- bend

A bend in a structure

94
Q

Sigmoid

A

Greek letter “S”

Sigmoid colon is shapes like an “S”

95
Q

Bowel

A

Latin- sausage

Another name for intestine

96
Q

Divericul

A

Byroad

Diverticulum- a pouch like opening or sack from a tubular structure

97
Q

Fistula

A

Latin- pipe

Abnormal passage

98
Q

Hemorrhoid

A

Dilated rectal vein producing painful anal swelling

99
Q

Suscept

A

To take up

Intussusception- the slipping of one part of the bowel inside another to cause an obstruction

100
Q

Melena

A

Greek- black

That passage of black, tarry stools

101
Q

Occult blood

A

Latin- to hide

Blood that cannot be seen in the stool but is positive on a fecal occult blood test

102
Q

Periton/e

A

Stretch over

Peritoneum- membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

103
Q

Polyp

A

Latin- foot

Mass of tissue that projects into the lumen of bowel

104
Q

Proct

A

Rectum

Proctitis- inflammation if the lining of the rectum

105
Q

Anastom

A

Provide a mouth

Anastomotic- a surgically made union between two tubular structures

106
Q

Enema

A

Greek- injection

An injection of fluid into the rectum

107
Q

Stoma

A

Greek- mouth

Artificial opening

Med Term 9 (1 decks)

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