Rotifer/Artemia

Question 1

what does rotifer stand for?

Answer 1

wheeled animalcules

Question 2

what species of rotifer have we been looking at?

Answer 2

Branchionus plicatilis

Question 3

describe a rotifers':
-symmetry
-body cavity
-offspring (name of the type)
-

Answer 3

• bilateral
• hemocoel
• eutelic (adults), parthenogenesis

Question 4

eutelic

Answer 4

fixed amount of somatic cells= born as adults

Question 5

what is a rotifer’s crown of hair like cilia called?

Answer 5

corona

Question 6

cyclomorphosis

Answer 6

seasonal changes in morphology

-such as a rotifer’s spines

Question 7

Branchionus plicatis originates from where globally?

Answer 7

Bohai bay, china

Question 8

what are rotifers great feed for? why?

Answer 8

-fish larvae

• slow swimming, easy prey
• planktonic
• environmental tolerance
• high reproduction rate

Question 9

mastax

Answer 9

a calcified apparatus in the mouth region of a rotifer

-grinds ingested particles

Question 10

what is the lifespan of a rotifer? how many eggs do females lay?

Answer 10

3.4 - 4.4 days

4/hour up to 10 generations

Question 11

what are the two modes of reproduction for rotifers?

Answer 11

parthenogenesis
sexual mixis
(haploid males, mictic females)

Question 12

culture parameters for rotifers:

• salinity
• temperature
• DO
• pH
• ammonia

Answer 12

sal: 7.5
NH3: <1mg/L

Question 13

name 3 diet types for rotifers

Answer 13

• micro algae
• baker’s yeast
• Rotimac

Question 14

name 3 micro algae to feed rotifers

Answer 14

• Nannochloropsis
• Tetraselmis
• Isochrysis galbana

Question 15

What phylum is Artemia a member of?
Subphylum?
What defines this subphylum?

Answer 15

Arthropoda, Crustacea

• > 4pairs appendages
• appendages on abdomen
• biramous appendages

Question 16

What Class are Artemia?

Answer 16

Branchiopoda

Question 17

are artemia FW or SW?

Answer 17

FW

Question 18

phyllopodia

Answer 18

swimming legs (artemia)

Question 19

how many species of artemia are there?

Which is the species we raise?

Answer 19

6
Artemia salina (sea monkeys)

Question 20

Name the 5 stages of artemia hatch

Answer 20

• bioconcave shaped cysts hydrate
• breaking stage
• hatching membrane
• umbrella stage
• hatching

Question 21

describe an Instar I nauplii

Answer 21

400-500um
3 pairs of appendages
no digestive system

Question 22

how many molts do artemia undergo?

Answer 22

15

Question 23

what sort of reproduction do female artemia switch between?

Answer 23

ovoviviparous and oviparous

Question 24

thalassohaline

Answer 24

hypersaline environment which artemia thrive in

Question 25

what sort of feeders are artemia?

Answer 25

filter feeders

Question 26

why is artemia great for culture?

Answer 26

• available year round everywhere
• available in cyst form
• on demand live feed in cans
• on-site hatching

Question 27

when did artemia culture begin?

Answer 27

1930s, 1940s commercially available, 1950s booms

Question 28

bioencapsulation

Answer 28

enrichment of capsules with nutrients (artemia)

• tailor made for predator
• helps in final product health, growth, development and appearance

Question 29

why choose artemia for live food?

Answer 29

• soft
• high in protein
• bioencapsulation
• marine/fw fish alike
• seldom diseased
• grow quickly

Question 30

what 3 layers does an artemia’s cyst consist of?

Answer 30

• alveolar layer
• outer cuticlular membrane
• embryonic cuticle

Question 31

why decapsulate an artemia cyst?

Answer 31

• unhatched/empty shells are problematic for digestion, will obstruct the gut
• decapsulated cysts have higher energy content