SAC revision

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

Sensation is the process by which our sense organs and receptors detect and respond to sensory information that stimulates them

Question 2

Perception

Answer 2

Perception refers to the process by which we give meaning to sensory information

Question 3

Reception (1)

Answer 3

Is the process of detecting and responding to incoming sensory information

Question 4

Transduction (2)

Answer 4

Is the process by which the receptors change the energy of the detected sensory information into a form which can travel along the neural pathways to the brain as action potentials or neural impulses.

Question 5

Transmission (3)

Answer 5

Is the process of sending the sensory information to relevant areas of the brain (via thalamus)

Question 6

Interpretation (4)

Answer 6

Is the process which incoming sensory information is given meaning so that it can be understood

Question 7

Photoreceptors

Answer 7

Rods- rods respond to very low levels of light. (Responsible for night vision)

Cones- cones respond to high levels of light, and do not respond well to dark light. (Three types of cones, blue, green, red)

Question 8

Gestalt principles

Answer 8

• Figure ground
• Closure
• Similarity
• Proximity

Question 9

Figure ground

Answer 9

Used to organise visual info by dividing what we see into a figure which stand out from the ‘ground’ eg stop sign

Question 10

Closure

Answer 10

Closure is the tendency we have to mentally close a gap in what we see in order to perceive objects as whole
Eg. Aus made kangaroo logo

Question 11

Similarity

Answer 11

The habit we have of perceiving parts it an image that have similar features (shape,colour,size) as belonging together in a group

Question 12

Proximity

Answer 12

Proximity (nearness) is our habit of perceiving parts of an image which are positioned close together in a group

Question 13

Depth cues

Answer 13

Monocular

Binocular

Question 14

Binocular depth cues

Answer 14

Involves both of the eyes working together to provide info about depth to the brain.

1. Convergence
2. retinal disparity

Question 15

Binocular: convergence

Answer 15

Convergence helps us to perceive how far away an object is.

Question 16

Binocular: retinal disparity

Answer 16

Slight difference in location of visual images on each retina

Question 17

Monocular depth cues

Answer 17

Monocular cues require the use of only one eye to detect and interpret into about depth and distance.

1. Accomodation
2. Pictorial cues

Question 18

Monocular : accomodation

Answer 18

The automatics adjustment of the shape of the lens to focus on an object, depending on how far away it is

Question 19

Influences on visual perception

Answer 19

• perceptual set
• context
• motivation
• emotional state
• past experience
• culture