SASx Exam II Material - Peritonitis, Oncology, etc.

Question 1

What is the most common form of peritonitis in canine and feline patients?

Answer 1

Secondary Septic Peritonitis

• Most common source of infection is GI tract
  
  • Perforation secondary to trauma
  • Perforation from foreign body ingestion
  • Neoplasia
  • Ulceration
• Polymicrobial infection
  
  • E.coli
  • Bacteroides

Question 2

Early antibiotic treatment is associated with improved prognosis in septic peritonitis.

T/F: Intraperitoneal broad spectrum, bactericidal drugs are recommended

Answer 2

False

Broad spectrum, bactericidal drugs ARE recommended, but intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics is contraindicated

Question 3

You will be excising a Grade 2 Mast Cell Tumor located in the subcutaneous tissue and decide you will take 3 cm laterally and remove one fascial plane below the tumor. These margins would be classified as:

Answer 3

wide margins

Question 4

________ is the gold standard for diagnosis of neoplasia

Answer 4

biopsy

Question 5

What type of excision is indicated for lipomas and benign masses, but is not ideal for malignant lesions?

Answer 5

Marginal/Cytoreductive

Fails to remove satellite tumor cells that are present outside the tumor pseudocapsule

Question 6

Local lymph node excision is prognostic for what tumor types?

Answer 6

mammary carcinoma, mast cell tumors, apocrine gland adenocarcinoma

Question 7

What is the most common splenic neoplasia in dogs?

Answer 7

hemangiosarcoma

Question 8

T/F: In cats, the majority of splenic diseases are benign

Answer 8

False

In cats, ~75% of splenic diseases are malignant (splenomegaly or masses)

Question 9

T/F: Prognosis following surgery for splenic hemangiosarcoma is fair to good in dogs

Answer 9

False

• Surgery Only
  
  • MST may be affected by tumor stage, number of gross lesions, and age at time of diagnosis
  • Stage I and II MST = 86 days
  • 1 year survival rate of 6%
• Surgery + chemotherapy
  
  • MST range of 140-202 days

Question 10

What diagnostic modality is most commonly used to identify splenic torsion?

Answer 10

Ultrasound

• Most common modality for making diagnosis
• Generalized splenomegaly
• Lacy, diffusely hypoechoic spleen
• Hilar perivenous hyperechoic triangle
• Color flow doppler = absence of blood flow in hilar region

Question 11

What is the major blood supply to the spleen?

Answer 11

celiac artery

Question 12

What is the name of this liver biopsy technique?

Answer 12

guillotine

Question 13

What is the main blood supply to the right pancreatic lobe?

Answer 13

cranial and caudal pancreaticoduodenal arteries

Question 14

What is the main blood supply to the left pancreatic lobe?

Answer 14

splenic artery

Question 15

What is the best method for diagnosing pancreatic pseudocysts?

Answer 15

Cytology

Question 16

What is the gold standard test for diagnosing septic peritonitis?

Answer 16

Cytology of abdominal fluid

Intracellular bacteria and presence of hypersegmented, vacuolated neutrophils

Question 17

You find these masses in the spleen of a dog. What type of tumor is most likely?

Answer 17

hemangiosarcoma

Question 18

What is the most common pancreatic tumor of dogs and cats?

Answer 18

exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma

• Highly malignant, locally invasive, early to metastasize
• Difficult to differentiate from pancreatitis on abdominal imaging
  
  • Surgical explore may be necessary to obtain diagnosis
  • May be resectable if small and no obvious metastases
• Advanced disease typically present at time of diagnosis
• Extremely poor prognosis

Question 19

What is the median survival time (MST) for dogs with massive hepatocellular adenocarcinoma?

Answer 19

~4 years

Question 20

What procedure is being performed in this image? What does it treat?

Answer 20

cholecystectomy for treatment of biliary mucocele

Question 21

A dog presents to your hospital for lethargy, weakness and a painful abdomen. On physical exam a significant amount of fluid is palpated within his abdomen. An abdominocentesis is performed and the fluid is submitted for evaluation. The abdominal fluid glucose is 20mg/dL and the peripheral glucose is 80mg/dL. What is your diagnosis?

Answer 21

septic peritonitis

If blood glucose is more than 20 mg/dL higher than the glucose concentration of the fluid, it is indicative of septic peritonitis

Question 22

What procedure is shown below?

Answer 22

partial splenectomy

preserves splenic function in animals with traumatic or focal lesions

Question 23

What diagnostic technique is being used here?

Answer 23

portogram

to identify location of portosystemic shunt