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anatomie part deux > Scalp & Delt & Brachial plexus lectures > Flashcards

Scalp & Delt & Brachial plexus lectures Flashcards

1
Q

breakdown of ribs

A

1,2, 11, 12 atypical
1-7 true ribs - vertebrocostal
8-10 false ribs - vertebrochondral
11 & 12 - floating

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2
Q

breast attaches to overlying dermis via

A

suspensory ligaments (Cooper’s ligaments)

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3
Q

arterial supply and innervation of breast

A

intercostal neves 4th & 6th

a. - mammary branches from anterior intercostal, lateral thoracic & internal thoracic

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4
Q

3 facts about what breast is what it rests on

A

modified sweat gland

  • rests on pectoral fascia (above pec. major)
  • retromammary space: potential space between breast and pec. fascia
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5
Q

venous drainage of breast tissue

A

mainly to axillary v. via lateral thoracic veins and medial mammary veins
some drainage to internal thoracic vein via anterior intercostal veins

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6
Q

lymphatic drainage of breast

A

75% lymph ends up in axillary lymph nodes (pectoral, central, apical)
remaining lymph: parasternal and abdominal lymph nodes

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7
Q

parts of axial skeleton

A

cranium
vertebral column
ribs & sternum

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8
Q

appendicular skeleton parts

A

clavicles
scapulae
pelvis
limbs

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9
Q

synvocial joints have

A

fibrous articular capsule
hyaline cartilage
cavity containing synovial fluid

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10
Q

ligaments of shoulder region

A 
CCL (trapezois and conoid) 
CAL
SGHL (superior glenohumeral)
MGHL
IGHL
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11
Q

all scapulohumeral muscles are innervated by

A

the brachial plexus

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12
Q

rotator cuff muscles?

A 
SITS
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
Supra. = abductor
IT = lateral rotators
Subscap. = medial rotator
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13
Q

deltoid ABI

A

A; flexes, medially rotates, abducts, extends, and laterally rotates humerus
B: deltoid branch of thoracoacromial arterial trunk (makes sense because part of its O is acromion)
I: axillary nerve (C5, C6)

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14
Q

teres major ABI

A

A - adducts and medially rotates humerus
B - circumflex scapular artery
I - lower subscapular nerve (C5,C6)

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15
Q

serratus anterior

A 
A - protracts spacula, holds it against thoracic wall; rotates scapula
B: lateal thoracic a.
I: long thoracic nerve (C5,C6,C7)
"raise your arms to heaven"
if LT n. damaged get winged scapula
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16
Q

supraspinatus

A

A - works with deltoid in abduction of humerus, acts with other rotator cuff muscles in stabilizing shoulder joint
B - suprascapular artery
I - suprascapular n. (C4,C5,C6)

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17
Q

impingement syndrome in the shoulder can involve; caused by

A 
supraspinatus tendon (tendonitis)
subacromial bursa (bursitis)
caused by repetivie overhead activities, bone spurs, anatomical variation of the acromion
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18
Q

subscapularis

A

A - medially rotates and adducts humerus; helps hold humeral head in place
B - subscapular artery
I - upper & lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)

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19
Q

in the largest and strongest of all rotator cuff muscles, injuries can lead ot

A

subscapularis!
bicipital tendon instability and biceps tendonitis
(often due to powerful throwing motion e.g. pitchers in baseball)

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20
Q

holds the long tendon of biceps brachii in the intertubercular groove

A

transverse ligament of the humerus

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21
Q

infraspinatus

A

A - laterally rotates humerus, helps hold humeral head in place
B - suprascapular a.
I - suprascapular n. (C5, C6)

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22
Q

Teres minor

A

A - laterally rotates humerus, helps hold humeral head in place
B - circumflex scapular a.
I - axillary n. (C5 & C6)

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23
Q

origins of subclavian artery

A

right: brachicephalic trunk
left: aortic arch

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24
Q

subclavian artery has 3 divisions in relation to

A

anterior scalene muscle

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25
Q

axillary artery parts and demarcations

A

1st - lateral border border of 1st rib and medial border of pec minor
2nd - lies posterior to pec minor
3rd - lateral border of pec minor to inferior broder of teres major (after its brachial artery)

26
Q

commonly ofund bracnhe so medial part (1) of subclavian artery

A

internal thoracic/ mammary a.
vertebal a.
thyrocervical arterial trunk

27
Q

branches of thyrocervical arterial trunk

A
  1. transverse cervical artery (superficial branch, deep branch (dorsal scapular a.); if together called cervicodorsal trunk )
  2. inferior thyroid artery
  3. ascending cervical artery
  4. suprascapular a.
28
Q

brances of posterior part (2) of subclavian artery

A

costocervical arterial trunk

  1. supreme intercostal artery
  2. deep cervical artery
29
Q

lateral part (3) of subclavian artery

A

no branches but dorsal scapular a. may arise independently from it

30
Q

no matter where it originates from, an artery going along the medial border of the scapula is termed

A

dorsal scapular a.

31
Q

anastamosing arterial branches of scapular anastamoes

A 
suprascapular a.
dorsal scapular a.
posterior intercostal a.
circumflex scapular a.
thoracodorsal a.
32
Q

suprascapular a. stems from

A

subclavian a.

33
Q

dorsal scapular a. from

A

deep branch of transverse cervical a. from subclavian a.

34
Q

posterior intercostal a. from

A

thoracic aorta

35
Q

these 2 scapular anastamosing a. are divisons of subscapular a. from axillary a.

A

circumflex scapular a.

thoracodorsal a.

36
Q

triangle of auscultation formed by borders of

A

trapezius m.
lat. dorsi m.
medial border of scapula

37
Q

quadrangular space transmits

A

axillary n.
posterior circumflex humeral a.
[POCIHU]

38
Q

triangular space has deep to it

A

circumflex scapular a.

39
Q

triangular interval transmits

A

deep brachial a.

radial n.

40
Q

borders of traingular interval

A

lateral head of triceps brachii
long head of triceps brachii
teres major m.

41
Q

triangular space borders

A

teres minor m.
teres major m.
long head of biceps brachii

42
Q

quadrangular space borders

A

teres minor/ subscapularis
teres major
long head of triceps brachii
surgical neck of humerus

43
Q

innervation of breast tissue

A

main: anerior and lateral branches of 4th-6th intercostal nerves
- maybe some from supaclavicular n. branches and other intercostal n.

44
Q

pec region: superficial fascia components

A
  • platysma (tighten sup skin in neck when you grimace)
  • supraclavicular nerves
  • ant. lat. branches of intercostal nerves
45
Q

deltopectoral/ clavipectoral triangle borders and content

A

borders: deltoid, pec major, middle 1/3 of clavicle
cephalic vein
deltopectoral lymph nodes
deltoid branch of thoracoacromial a. (from axillary a.)

46
Q

clavipectoral fascia features

A

invests subclavius and pec. major
attaches to clavicle and anterior thoracic wall
cephalec vein, thoracoacromial a. and lateral pec. nerves pierce it
- becomes suspensory ligament of axilla

47
Q

pec major ABI

A

A - aducts & medially rotates humerus, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly (via clavicle), clavicular portion flexes humerus, sternal portion can extend humerus while it is in this flexed position
B - pectoral branches of thoracoacromial a. trunk
I - lat. & medial pec. nerves (C5,C6 clavicular portion, C7,C8, T1 sternocostal portion)

48
Q

pec minor ABI

A

A - stabilizes scapula by pulling it anteriorly & inferiorly against posterior thoracic wall
B - pec. branches of thoracoacromial a. trunk
I - medial pec nerve (C8, T1)

49
Q

subclavius

A

A - anchors & depresses clavicle
B - clavicualr branches of thoracoacromial a. trunk
I - nerve to subclavius (C5,C6)

50
Q

what muscle acts as the landmark dividing axilary a. intro 3 main parts

A

pec. minor

51
Q

part 1 (proximal/ medial to P. minor) of Axillary a.

A

superior thoracic a.

52
Q

part 2 (at or behind P. minor) of axillary a.

A

thoracoacromial turnk

  • pec. branch
  • deltoid branch
  • acromial branch
  • (clavicular branch)
53
Q

part 3 (distal/ lateral to P. minor) of axillary a.

A

subscapular a. (circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal)

ant & pos. circumflex humeral (pos. usually 2-3x larger))

54
Q

venous drainage of pec region

A
  1. deep brachial veins
  2. supreifical veins of arm & forearm
    - basilic veins (continues as axillary v.)
    - cephalic v. (drains into axillary before it becomes subclavian v. )
55
Q

boundaries of apex of axilla

A

clavicle
scpaula
1st. rib

56
Q

boundaries of axilla’ base

A

skin & superficial fascia
anterior axillary fold - pec. major
posterior axillary fold - lat. dorsi and teres major
chest wall - serratus anterior

57
Q

boundaries of anterior wall of axilla

A
  • clavicle
  • subclavius
  • pec. major
  • pec. minor
58
Q

boundaries of posterior wall of axilla

A
  • scapula
  • subscapularis
  • lat. dorsi
  • teres major
59
Q

lateral structures of axilla

A
  • intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)
  • tendon of long head of biceps
  • coracobrachialis tendon
60
Q

contents of axilla

A 
axillary sheath 
- axillary v.
- axillary a.
- brachial plexus
axillary lymph nodes
- central
- pectoral
cephalic & basilic vein

anatomie part deux (11 decks)

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