schizophrenia key terms

Question 1

echolalia

Answer 1

repetition of another’s words that is parrot-like and inappropriate

Question 2

circumstantiality

Answer 2

extremely detailed and lengthy discourse about a topic

Question 3

loose associations

Answer 3

absence of the normal connectedness of thoughts, idea, and topics; sudden shifts without apparent relationship to preceding topics

Question 4

tangentiality

Answer 4

the topic of conversation is changed to an entirely different topic that is a logical progression but cause a permanent detour from the original focus

Question 5

flight of ideas

Answer 5

the topic of conversation changes repeatedly and rapidly, generally after just one sentence or phrase

Question 6

word salad

Answer 6

stringing together words that are not connected in any way

Question 7

neologisms

Answer 7

words that are made up that have no common meaning and are not recongnizable

Question 8

paranoia

Answer 8

suspiciousness and guardedness that are unrealistic and often accompanied by grandiosity

Question 9

referential thinking

Answer 9

a belief that neutral stimuli have special meaning to the individual, such as a television commentator who is speaking directly to the individual

Question 10

autistic thinking

Answer 10

restricts thinking to the literal and immediate so that the individual has private rules of logic and reasoning that make no sense to anyone else

Question 11

concrete thinking

Answer 11

lack of abstraction in thinking; inability to understand punch lines, metaphors, and analogies

Question 12

verbigeration

Answer 12

purposeless repetition of words or phrases

Question 13

metonymic speech

Answer 13

use of words with similar meanings interchangeably

Question 14

clang association

Answer 14

repetition of words or phrases that are similar in sound bu in no other way, for example, “right, light, sight, might”

Question 15

stilted language

Answer 15

overly and inappropriately artificial formal language

Question 16

pressured speech

Answer 16

speaking as if the words are being forced out

Question 17

aggression

Answer 17

behaviors or attitudes that reflect rage, hostility, and the potential for physical or verbal destructiveness

Question 18

agitation

Answer 18

inability to sit still or attend to others accompanied by heightened emotions and tension

Question 19

catatonia

Answer 19

psychomotor disturbances, such as stupor, mutism, posturing, or repetitive behavior

Question 20

catatonic excitement

Answer 20

a hyperactivity characterized by purposeless activity and abnormal movements, such as grimacing and posturing

Question 21

echopraxia

Answer 21

involuntary imitation of another person’s movements and gestures

Question 22

regressed behavior

Answer 22

behaving in a manner of a less mature life stage; childlike and immature behavior

Question 23

stereotypy

Answer 23

repetitive purposeless movements that are indiosyncratic to the individual and to some degree outside of the individual’s control

Question 24

hypervigilance

Answer 24

sustained attention to external stimuli as if expecting something important or frightening to happen

Question 25

waxy flexibility

Answer 25

posture held in an odd or unusual fixed position for extended periods of time