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Psychiatry > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

1
Q

What are the side effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors?

A

Cheese reaction

Insomnia

Postural hypotension

Peripheral oedema

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2
Q

What is the cheese reaction?

A

Caused by monoamine oxidase inhibitors as monoamine oxidase prevents breakdown of dietry tyraine resulting in a hypertensie crisis

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3
Q

What type of antidepresent is amitriptyline?

A

Tricyclic antidepressants

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4
Q

How do Tricyclic antidepressants work?

A

Block the reuptake of monoamines (noradernaline and 5-HT) into presynaptic terminals

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5
Q

What are the side effects of Tricyclic antidepressants?

A

Anticholinergic- blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation

Sedation

Weight gain

Postural hypotension

Arrhythmias

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6
Q

What type of anti-derressant drug is Fluoxetine?

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

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7
Q

How do selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors work?

A

Selectively inhibit reuptake of serotonin from the synaptic cleft

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8
Q

What are the side effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitors?

A

Nausea

Headache

vivid dreams

Sexual dysfunction

Increase in self harm/suicide later in life

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9
Q

What medication can be used to treat bipolar affective disorder?

A

Lithium

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10
Q

How is lithium given in bipolar affectve disorder?

A

lithium carbonate

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11
Q

What must you remeber when prescribing lithium carbonate?

A

Very small theraputic window so get blood levels 12 hour post-dosage

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12
Q

What are the side effects of lithium?

A

Dry mouth

Polydipsia & polyuria

Tremor

Hypothyroidism

Decreased renal function

Weight gain

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13
Q

What are Vaproic acid, Lamotrigine and Carbamazepine?

A

Mood stabalizers

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14
Q

What conditions are antidepresent drugs used for ?

A

Moderate to severe depression

Dysthymia

Generalised anxiety disorder

Premenstural dysphoric disorder

Bulimia Nervosa

Neruopathic pain

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15
Q

What are the 3 broad classes of antidepressants?

A

Monoamine oxidase inhibtitors

Monoamine reuptake inhibitors

Atypical drugs

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16
Q

What are the sub classes of monoamine reuptake inhibitors?

A

Tricyclics

Other non–selective reuptake inhibitors

Selective srotonin reuptake inhibitors

Noradernaline ruptake inhibtitors

17
Q

What are the three monoamine neurotransmitters?

A

Noradrenaline

Seratonin

Dopamine

18
Q

What drugs are used to treat anxiety?

A

Benzodiasepines

Antidepressants

Buspirone

Pregabalin

Beta-blockers

19
Q

What is valium?

A

Diazapam

20
Q

What is Xanax?

A

Alprazolam

21
Q

what effect do benzodiazepines have on the body?

A
  • Reduce anxiety and aggression
  • Hypnosis/sedation
  • Muscle relaxation
  • Anticonvulsant
    • Anterograde amnesia
      *
22
Q

What is gamma amino butyric acid?

A

Main inhibitory transmitter in the brain

23
Q

How does gamma amino butyric acid work?

A

Bindsto GABA binding site

Rapid influx of Cl-

Hyperpolarisation of cell

24
Q

How do benzodiazepines work ?

A

Work like GABA but on a different binding site

25
Q

What drug can be used to induce anxiety?

A

Beta-carbolines

26
Q

Can you overdose on benzodiazepines?

A

Not really

Unlikely to cause respiratory depression

27
Q

Why do you get withdrawl symptoms from benzodiazepines?

A

Chronic treatment results in a decreased response to GABA

28
Q

How do you withdraw benzodiazepines?

A
  1. Transfer patient to an equivalent dailly dose of diazepam or chlordiazepoxide
  2. Reduce dose every 2-3 weeks in steps of 2mg
    1. Stop completely
29
Q

How long does it take to withdraw benzodiazepines?

A

1 to 12 months

30
Q

What are the Monoamine Oxidse Inhibitor drugs?

A

Phenelzine

Moclobemide

31
Q

Name a tricyclic antidepressent

A

Amitriptyline

32
Q

What are the side effects of amitriptyline?

A

Anticholinergic

Sedation
Weight gain

33
Q

What happens in Amitryptiline tryclilic antidepressent overdose?

A

Widended QRS

34
Q

How do you treat amitrityptiline overdose

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

35
Q
A

Psychiatry (4 decks)

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