Science Ch7 Consepts

Question 1

What are some bodies of water and what do they give us?

Answer 1

Oceans rivers and lakes away to travel, places to catch food, and beautiful sites to visit.

Question 2

What is the hydrosphere

Answer 2

All the waters of the earth.

Question 3

How much of the earth is covered by the hydrosphere

Answer 3

70 to 75% of the earth

Question 4

What are the oceans largest to smallest

Answer 4

P A I S A

Pacific (also the deepest) Atlantic, Indian, Southern, Arctic

Question 5

Where do oceans get their salt and how does it get there

Answer 5

Oceans get salt from rivers, the rivers dissolved salts from the rocks and soil and carry it to the ocean. When water evaporates from the ocean it concentrates the salt that’s dissolved in the ocean water.

Question 6

Give an example of low salinity locations and an example of high salinity locations.

Answer 6

Low salinity - where rivers run into the ocean.

High salinity - warm places

Question 7

What affects ocean temperatures

Answer 7

Location and ocean currents

Question 8

What resources do we get from the ocean, Ocean resources

Answer 8

Salt used for food and magnesium and drinking water

Question 9

Almost all the freshwater on earth starts as what and where can it go?

Answer 9

It starts as rain or snow (precipitation) and it can sink into the ground, collect in rivers and lakes, and sometimes freeze in ice sheets and glaciers.

Question 10

What is groundwater?

Answer 10

It is precipitation that soaks into the ground.

Question 11

What happens to water when it goes underground?

Answer 11

The water fills spaces between particles of soil and rock and the water keeps sinking until it reaches a layer of rock or clay that it can’t move through.

Question 12

What are examples of what a water table could do?

Answer 12

It could change throughout the year, it Will rise when water is added by rain or melting snow, it will lower when there is a drought or if people use ground water faster than it can be replaced, not leveled; it usually follows a slope of the land, and a lake, Stream, or swamp is where the water table meets the surface.

Question 13

Where is water from precipitation and melting snow go?

Answer 13

It goes downhill into small streams sometimes small streams join to form larger streams and rivers

Question 14

What else can seep into rivers and where do the rivers mostly eventually flow into?

Answer 14

Ground water can easily sleep into rivers and rivers can flow directly into ocean

Question 15

The area where water drains into a river is called?

Answer 15

The rivers wash shed.

Question 16

How can lakes form and how can water from the lake leave?

Answer 16

 Lakes form when water collects in a low spot and water from LA can leave by flowing into a river, seeping into the ground, or evaporated into the air.

Question 17

How much freshwater is frozen in the ice and where is it mainly in?

Answer 17

7/10 of earths freshwater is frozen into ice, mainly in Greenland Antarctica, and the ice cap at the north pole floats on the ocean, there is no land under it.

Question 18

Give examples of freshwater frozen ice and describe it.

Answer 18

Glaciers and ice sheets form when each year snowfall is greater than the amount that melts, icebergs are large pieces of ice that break off from glaciers and sheets float in the ocean, and when ocean water freezes, The ice is not salty

Question 19

What causes the ice to be more salty?

Answer 19

The salt is pushed out of the crystal as a form causing the water around the new ice to be more salty.

Question 20

In the United States, where do we get our drinking water and why do we have to treat the water before we use it?

Answer 20

We get our water from ground water or surface waters. This can contain harmful pollution from runoff, from farms, parking lots, or lawns.

Question 21

What are the steps of the water treatment.

Answer 21

First the water is pumped into plant. Secondly, screens filter out large objects. Thirdly, chemicals are added that stick to dirt particles making them heavy enough to sync. Then water flows through sand to filter out smaller particles. After, more chemicals are added. Lastly water is pumped through pipes to home and businesses in the community.

Question 22

What type of chemicals are added at the end of the water treatment?

Answer 22

Small amount of chlorine are added to kill harmful bacteria and small amounts of fluoride are added to help you teeth resist decay.

Question 23

What are the ways to keep from wasting water?

Answer 23

Do not run showers or Fossett longer than needed, water plants in the evening so less water will evaporate, and fix stripping faucets.

Question 24

What are the phases of water?

Answer 24

Solid - glacier, ice sheets, Icebirds
Liquid - oceans, rivers, lakes, streams, and ponds
Gas - water vapor in the air

Question 25

What is water always doing?

Answer 25

It is always moving on, through, and above all earth. It also changes from one form to another in a water cycle

Question 26

What are the steps of the water cycle?

Answer 26

The steps of the water cycle or evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, and runoff

Question 27

How are the water cycle steps affected?

Answer 27

They are affected by temperature, pressure, wind, and the elevation of the land

Question 28

Why is water not always in the water cycle?

Answer 28

Water is not always in the water cycle because some water is broken down as plants make sugar during photosynthesis and organisms produce water during respiration.

Question 29

Give examples of energy and How it affects on the water cycle

Answer 29

The energy of sunlight causes most melting, evaporation, and sublimation. Energy is needed to raise water vapor to the clouds and when water vapor condenses into liquid, it releases energy in the form of heat. It warms the air or water in the immediate area.

Question 30

How are clouds formed?

Answer 30

Clouds are formed when water vapor changes into tiny water droplets, condensation, or ice crystals, deposition. Clouds come in many shapes and sizes.

Question 31

How can the temperature affect the shape and size of the cloud?

Answer 31

Clouds are affected by the temperature of the air determined if the cloud is made up of water droplets or ice crystals, the temperature of air higher in the atmosphere is usually colder than the temperature of the air close to the ground, even on a hot summer days, many clouds are made of ice crystals.

Question 32

How can air pressure affect the formation of clouds?

Answer 32

It can affected by the clouds often being formed when air moves upward to areas of less air pressure, where there is less air pressure the air expands and cools.

Question 33

What are the five types of precipitation?

Answer 33

Rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, and hail

Question 34

What are examples of rain?

Answer 34

Almost all rain in the United States start to snow and as ice crystals fall through warmer air they melt and fall to the ground as rain

Question 35

What are examples of Freezing rain?

Answer 35

Similar to rain, ice crystals melt as a fall through warmer air and water droplets hit a cold layer of air 0°C or colder close to the ground and rain freezes when it lands on the ground

Question 36

What are examples of sleet?

Answer 36

Similar to freezing rain, ice crystals melt as a fall through a thin layer of warm air and if they fall through cold air for a long time, the raindrops freeze before it lands on the ground.

Question 37

What are examples of snow?

Answer 37

Ice crystals fall directly from clouds and the air between the clouds and the ground has a temperature at or below 0°C

Question 38

What are examples of Hail?

Answer 38

Forms when a very strong wind blows upward into a cloud.