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Science > Science Test > Flashcards

Science Test Flashcards

1
Q

a subatomic particle with no charge

A

neutron

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2
Q

number of protons in an atom

A

atomic number

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3
Q

equal in number to the number of protons in a neutral atom

A

electrons

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4
Q

these are like shelves where electrons can be found

A

energy levels

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5
Q

region surrounding the nucleus which is occupied by electrons

A

electron cloud

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6
Q

the sum of protons and neutrons

A

mass number

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7
Q

building blocks of matter

A

atoms

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8
Q

this is the subatomic particle with a positive charge

A

protons

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9
Q

anything that has mass and takes up space

A

matter

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10
Q

either an element or a compound(pure)

A

substance

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11
Q

how many electrons on the first ring

A

2

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12
Q

how many electrons on the second ring

A

8

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13
Q

A capital letter or a combination of a capital letter and a small letter that is used to represent an element is called

A

chemical symbol

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14
Q

horizontal rows of elements are called

A

periods

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15
Q

vertical columns called ______ on the periodic table

A

groups

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16
Q

protons and neutrons can be divided into _____ by colliding them

A

quarks

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17
Q

the center of the atom where the protons and neutrons are found

A

nucleus

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18
Q

elements that are found on the left side of the periodic table are called

A

metals

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19
Q

elements that are found on the staircase and have properties of both metals and nonmetals are called

A

metalloids

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20
Q

the particles that move around the nucleus and have a negative charge

A

electrons

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21
Q

a chart that shows the classification of elements arranged by increasing atomic number is the

A

periodic table

22
Q

a type of substance made up of two similar substances

A

element

23
Q

a substance made up of two or more different elements chemically combined

A

compounds

24
Q

different forms of the same element

A

allotropes

25
Q

these are solids with a repeating geometric shape

A

crystals

26
Q

the simplest unit of a chemical compound that can exist

A

molecule

27
Q

a material made of two or more substances that can be easily separated by physical means

A

mixtures

28
Q

a mixture in which different substances can be easily distinguished

A

heterogeneous mixture

29
Q

a mixture in which different substances can not be easily distinguished and are uniformly spread out

A

homogeneous mixture

30
Q

substance being dissolved

A

solute

31
Q

substance dissolving the solute

A

solvent

32
Q

Dalton’s atomic theory

A

the matter is made of atoms
all atoms of an element are identical
reactions between chemicals occur in patterns

33
Q

what are the differences between a suspension and a solution

A

a suspension settles out over time. for example, oil and water but a solution never settles out the bottom for example salt water

34
Q

how can you speed up dissolving salt and water

A

one way is stirring makes the salt move around so it is easier for the water molecules to surround it
another way is shaking if you shake the salt and water the salt and water molecules collide together more often.
Next, you can try heating up the temperature this also helps move around and collide together with the molecules
A final way is you can crush the solute this makes it smaller and easier for the water molecules to surround the salt molecules

35
Q

density

A

amount of mass per unit volume

36
Q

element

A

pure substance in which all the atoms in a sample are alike

37
Q

nucleus

A

center of an atom

38
Q

chemical bond

A

force that holds atoms together

39
Q

covalent bond

A

sharing electrons

40
Q

ion

A

charged particle positive or negative

41
Q

ionic bond

A

electrons given up or taken

42
Q

endothermic reaction

A

energy absorbed

43
Q

exothermic reaction

A

energy released

44
Q

chemical reactions

A

a process the produces chemical changes

45
Q

chemical equations

A

describes a chemical reaction, the reactants, physical state and proportions

46
Q

chemical change

A

produces new substances that have properties different from those of the original substances

47
Q

chemical property

A

a characteristic of matter that allows it to change to a different type of matter

48
Q

physical change

A

any change in size, shape, form, or state of matter phases(solid, liquid, gas)

49
Q

physical property

A

any characteristic of matter that can be observed without changing the identity of the material

50
Q

how to separate a mixture of sand salt iron

A

magnet- iron, add water put a filter over the top of the beaker pour the liquid into another beaker boil liquid until you are left with the separated substances

51
Q

base vs acid

A

base-pH greater than 7, turns litmus paper blue, ex. ammonia, NaOH, soap

acid- pH lower than 7, turns litmus paper pink, ex. HCl, vinegar, lemon juice

Science (2 decks)

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