Section 1 - Migration of scots

Question 1

4 pull factors

Answer 1

lowlands provided many more job oppertunites over the highlands. Men could word in diffirent industrial sectors such as the shipyards in glasgow.

Jobs in the lowlands tended to offer higher wages compared to jobs in highlands. familys could earn more money if they decided to move to the lowands resulting in a better standard of living.

having famliy and friends in the lowlands increased the amount of internal migration. they would send family in the highlands letters of encouragement to move.

the cities in the lowlands offered higher amounts of entertainment compared to the highlands. there was music halls and more sport.

Question 2

4 push factors (highland)

Answer 2

1. Farmer treatment
   Landlords had slowly cleared farmers off the good bits of land and moved them to crofts. Crofters lived incredibly tough lives trying to survive off the land.
2. landlords cleared people from their land so it could be used for sheep farming. These evictions were often forceful with people burned out of their own homes
3. potato famine
   Highland crofters were reliant on the potato as their main food source. Between 1846-56 the potato crop was repeatedly ruined by the a ‘blight’ moving away from the highlands was seen as a short term soloution.
4. living conditions
   living conditions were very tough for crofters. Houses were often basic, dark, dirty and shared with animals thus earned the houses the nickname “black houses”.

Question 3

push factors (lowlands)

Answer 3

great depression
forced to emigrate due to high amounts of unemployment causing many scots to not be able to find any jobs. many emmigrated scotland to escape the great depression of the 20s and 30s.

the effects of the aggricultural revouloution meant that many jobs on farms were no longer needed. this forced many scots from rural farmlands to emmigrate from lack of oppertunities.

some scots did not work jobs that required them to be working annually for 12 months a year. scots in seasonal jobs did not earn as much when times were quiet, resulting in lack of finances.

the government made poverty worse in the 1800s by not providing sick pay or unemployment pay. this forced many scots to go to the poor house as a last resort.

due to overcrowding diseases such as tiberculosus spread very easily across busy households. other diseases such as chlorea were caused by living in unclean conditions.

Question 4

pull Factor (highlands)