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VT 118 A& P II > Sense Organs > Flashcards

Sense Organs Flashcards

1
Q

Taste Sense also known as

A

Gustatory

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2
Q

Animal gustatory sense is for what 3 tastes?

3 S’s

A

Sweet, Sour, Salty

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3
Q

For the Gustatory sense

What are the chemical receptors ?

A

Papillae

located in taste buds & in the lininf of the mouth and parynx

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4
Q

For the Gustatory Sense

What is the job of the chemical receptors?

A

Detect chemical substances dissolved in saliva & generate nerve impulses

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5
Q

Olfactory Sense

Where are the chemical receptors located?

A

In the nasal mucosa

Mucous helps smells stick to hairs

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6
Q

Olfactory Sense

Olfactory process

A

Olfactory cells -> hairs -> odor binds to receptor of hais -> nerve impulses generated

impulses travel via olfactory nerve to olfactory bulbs then the cerebrum

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7
Q

Olfacorty Sense

Vomeronasal Organ

A
  • Site where phomones are breathed in
  • Lined with olfactory mucosa
  • Connected to the nasal Cavity
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8
Q

Olfactory Sense

What Is the Flehmen reaction?

A

Lip Curl
seen by animals aroused by the odors

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9
Q

Auditory Sense

General: How does hearing work

A

Converts vibrations of the air molecules into nerve impulses

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10
Q

Auditory Sense

What are the 3 Main parts of the Autitory system?

A
  1. External ear (Pinna)
  2. Middle ear
  3. Inner ear
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11
Q

Auditory Sense

What is the purpose of the External ear?

A

Acts as a funnel to collect sound wave vibrations and directs them to the eardrum

there are 2 sections-

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12
Q

Auditory Sense

What Occurs in the Middle ear?

A

Amplification and transmits vibrations from eardrum to the inner ear

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13
Q

Auditory sense

What occurs in the Inner ear?

A

Converts the mechanical vibrations to nerve impulses

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13
Q

Auditory Sense

What sensory receptors does the inner ear have?
What are they for?

A

Mechanoreceptors
Hearing and equilibrium

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14
Q

Auditory Sense

What makes up the Pinna (auricle)?

of the External ear

A

Elastic Cartilage and skin

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15
Q

Auditory Sense

What are the names of the 2 portions of the External auditory canal

A
  1. Vertical
  2. Horizontal
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16
Q

Auditory Sense

What does the External Auditory canal contain?

Which glands

A

Lined with skin
* Sebaceous & Ceruminous glands

17
Q

Auditory Sense

What part of the ear does the eardrum belong?

External, Middle or inner

A

External Ear

18
Q

Auditory Sense

Describe the Eardrum (Tympanic membrane)

What it is made from & What its purpose is

A
  1. Made from thin connective tissue membrane
  2. Vibrations strike the membrane and cause it to vibrate
19
Q

Auditory Sense

What are the 4 main componets of the Middle ear?

A
  1. Tympanic cavity
  2. Auditory Ossicles
  3. Eustachian (auditory) Tube
  4. Tympanic Bulla
20
Q

Auditory Sense

Describe the Tympanic Cavity

A

Small AIR filled space
Lined w/ thin mucous Membrane

21
Q

Auditory Sense

Name the 3 bones that Make up the Auditory Ossicles

A
  1. Malleus
  2. Incus
  3. Stapes
22
Q

Auditory Sense

What do the Auditory ossicles do overall ?

A

transmit vibrations from the* tympanic membrane*
to the oval window of the cochlea

23
Q

Auditory Sense

What does the Eustachian ( Auditory ) Tube do?

what does it connect?

A

Equalizes air pressure on each side of the tympanic membrane

the middle ear w/ the nasopharynx

24
Q

Auditory Sense

What does the Tympanic Bulla do?

A

“may” improve perception of sounds of very low and very high frequencies

25
Q

Auditory Sense

What are the parts of the Innner Ear?

and what do they do?

A
  1. Cochlea - hearing
  2. Vestibule & Semicircular canals - Equilibrium
26
Q

Auditory Sense

Describe the Cochlea

A
  • Shell shaped spiral cavity in the temporal bone
  • Organ of Corti (fluid- filled) hair cells- hearing receptors
27
Q

Auditory Sense

What occurs in the Cochlea

A

waves cause vibration of the fluid- bending the hair cells & generates impulse

different freq = different areas along Organ of Corti stimulated

28
Q

Auditory Sense

Where is the Vestibule located?

A

Between the Cochlea and semicircular Canals

29
Q

Auditory Sense

Vestibule has 2 saclike spaces, what are they called?

A
  1. Utricle
  2. Saccule
30
Q

Auditory Sense - Vestibule

Hair cells covered by a __ 1 __ matrix that contains
__ 2 __.

A
  1. Gelatinous
  2. Otoliths
31
Q

Auditory Sense

What causes nerve impulses in the vestibule?

A

Otoliths and the matrix bend the sensory hairs

32
Q

Auditory Sense

What information issent to the brain from the Vestibule

A

The position of the heas and linear motion
Static equilibrium

33
Q

Auditory sense

Describe the Semicircular Canals

A
  1. 3 canals at right angles on 3 planes
  2. Fluid- filled tubes w/ hair cells & gelatinous matrix
34
Q

Auditory Sense

What is the job of the Semicircular canals?

A

generates impulses - detailing rotary motion of the head
Dynamic equilibium

35
Q

Vision

What are the layers of the Eyeball?

A
  1. Outer Fibrous layer
  2. Middle vascular layer
  3. Inner Nervous layer
36
Q

Vision

What are the parts of the Outer Fibrous layer?

What is its job?

A
  1. Cornea
  2. Sclera
  3. Limbus

Gives form to and protects the eyeball

37
Q

Vision

Describe the Cornea

A
  • collagen fibers; no blood
  • Transparent
  • Admits light to interior of eye
38
Q

Vision

Describe the Sclera

A
  • Dense fibrous connective tissue
  • “white” of the eye
  • Gives srength & shape to the eyeball
39
Q

Vision

Describe the Limbus

A

the junction of the cornea and the sclera

40
Q

Vision

What are the parts of the Middle Vascular layer ( Uvea)

A
  • Choroid
  • Iris
  • Pupil

VT 118 A& P II (6 decks)

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