Set 5

Question 1

Flexor digitorum superficialis

• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:

Answer 1

• Origin:
  
  • Humeroulnar head—medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon, UCL, and coronoid process;
  • Radial head—mid third of anterior radius
• Insertion: Volar base of middle phalanx digits 2-5
• Action: Flex PIP and MCP digits 2-5

Question 2

Flexor digitorum profundus

• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:

Answer 2

• Origin: Proximal ¾ of medial and anterior ulna and IOM
• Insertion: Volar base of distal phalanx digits 2-5
• Action: Flex DIP joints 2-5

Question 3

Palmaris longus

• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:

Answer 3

• Origin: Medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon
• Insertion: Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
• Action: Flexion of wrist; tighten palmar aponeurosis

Question 4

Pronator teres

• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:

Answer 4

• Origin: Humeral head—medial epicondyle via common flexor tendon; Ulnar head—coronoid process
• Insertion: Lateral mid-shaft of radius
• Action: Pronation of forearm; flexion of elbow

Question 5

Abductor pollicis longus

• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:

Answer 5

• Origin: Mid-third of posterior radius, IOM, and ulna
• Insertion: Radial base of thumb MC
• Action: Abduction of thumb; extend thumb at CMCJ

Question 6

Extensor pollicis longus

• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:

Answer 6

• Origin: IOM and mid posteriolateral ulna
• Insertion: Base of thumb DP
• Action: Extend thumb IPJ

Question 7

Extensor pollicis brevis

• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:

Answer 7

• Origin: IOM and posterior distal radius
• Insertion: Base of thumb PP
• Action: Extend thumb MCPJ

Question 8

Extensor indicis proprius

• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:

Answer 8

• Origin: IOM and posteriolateral distal ulna
• Insertion: Joins ED tendon to 2nd digit
• Action: Extension of index finger

Question 9

Flexor pollicis longus

• Origin:
• Insertion:
• Action:

Answer 9

• Origin: Anterior surface of radius and IOM
• Insertion: Base of thumb DP
• Action: Flexion thumb MCPJ and IPJ

Question 10

Common flexor tendon includes:

Answer 10

• Pronator teres
• Flexor carpi radialis
• Flexor carpi ulnaris
• Palmaris longus
• Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 11

Common extensor tendon includes:

Answer 11

• Extensor carpi radialis brevis
• Extensor digitorum
• Extensor digiti minimi
• Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 12

Name the tendons in the extensor compartments at the wrist:

Answer 12

1. APL and EPB
2. ECRB and ECRL
3. EPL
4. EDC and EIP
5. EDM
6. ECU

Question 13

Name the 9 structures that pass through the carpal tunnel:

Answer 13

• FDS tendons (4)
• FDP tendons (4)
• FPL tendon
• Median nerve

Question 14

Borders of the antecubital fossa include:

Answer 14

• Proximal—humeral epicondyles
• Medial—pronator teres
• Lateral—brachioradialis
• Distal—apex of pronator teres and brachioradialis
• Floor—brachialis and supinator
• Roof—bicipital aponeurosis

Question 15

Common ultrasound findings in inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis) include:

Answer 15

• Complex joint fluid
• Synovitis (synovial hypertrophy and neovascularization)
• Intra-articular loose bodies
• Erosion of bone and cartilage (joint space narrowing)
• Tenosynovitis and bursitis

Question 16

Borders of carpal tunnel include:

Answer 16

• Proximal—scaphoid tubercle (radial) and pisiform (ulnar)
• Distal—trapezium (radial) and hook of hamate (ulnar)
• Floor—carpal bones
• Roof—transverse carpal ligament

Question 17

Borders of cubital tunnel and nerve that passes through tunnel:

Answer 17

• Posterior—olecranon process
• Anterior—medial epicondyle
• Roof—cubital retinaculum
• Distal—arcade of Osborne which is the tendinous arch joining the humeral and ulnar heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris.
• Ulnar nerve

Question 18

Draw and label the extensor compartment of the wrist:

Answer 18

Question 19

Draw and label the extensor tendons, bones, and joints of the finger:

Answer 19

Question 20

Draw and label the flexor tendons, bones, and joints of the finger:

Answer 20