Sexuality, Gender, and Relationships Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the significance of Self-Perception in Relationships

A

Self-perception influences how we interact with others.

Low self-esteem can affect how others see us.

Healthy self-esteem is vital for good relationships.

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2
Q

Describe the correlation between Self-Esteem and Risky Behavior

A

Low self-esteem in college students linked to risky behavior.

Negative self-esteem leads to misinterpreting partner’s intentions.

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3
Q

Describe the important of friendship

A

Friendship is universal and promotes happiness.

Adolescent friendships aid in transitioning to independence.

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4
Q

Describe gender dynamics in friendships

A

Past beliefs challenged; challenges exist in male-female friendships.

Men value deep conversations with female friends; women view these friendships as more casual.

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5
Q

Describe Friends with Benefits (FWB)

A

FWB relationships involve sex without commitment.

They offer trust but can complicate friendships.

They often disregard traditional relational rules.

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6
Q

Describe the Universality of Friendship

A

Friendship transcends culture; qualities of a good friend include honesty and empathy.

Friends provide support in tough times and share in joy and sorrow.

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7
Q

Describe hooking up

A

Hooking up includes casual sexual activities without commitment.

It presents challenges, especially for young women.

Alcohol often involved, raising health concerns.

Safe sexual practices are crucial.

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8
Q

Describe Internet Dating Dynamics

A

Online dating introduces trust and rejection issues.

It encourages assertive behavior in women and openness in men.

Skills needed to establish trust.

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9
Q

Describe the role of dating

A

Dating is about communication, understanding, and sharing.

It helps explore sexual identity.

Physical intimacy varies.

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10
Q

Describe contemporary dating practices

A

Sexual expression viewed positively for both genders.

Men often initiate sex; pressure is seen negatively.

Desirability not questioned if a partner isn’t interested in sex.

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11
Q

Describe Long-Distance Dating Relationships (LDDR)

A

LDDRs involve living apart for at least three months.

They are challenging, with a high rate of ending or difficulties.

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12
Q

Describe Infidelity in Dating Relationships

A

Infidelity may be excusable in troubled relationships.

Jealousy often leads to relationship endings.

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13
Q

Describe intimacy

A

Intimacy is open sharing of thoughts and feelings.

It requires time, nurturing, and a desire to know each other.

Not always linked to sex but often includes it.

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14
Q

Describe Common Elements in Close Relationships

A

Mutual support.

Understanding.

Loving emotional support.

Concern for each other’s happiness.

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15
Q

Describe Mature Love

A

Blend of intimacy, passion, and commitment.

Maintains individual identities.

Accepts each other’s imperfections.

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16
Q

List the The Five Love Languages

A

Words of Affirmation.

Quality Time.

Giving Gifts.

Acts of Service.

Physical Touch.

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17
Q

Describe the 4 elements of intimate relationships

A

Behavioral Interdependence: Mutual impact of intertwined lives.

Psychological Need Fulfillment: Fulfills various psychological needs.

Emotional Attachment: Involves feelings of love.

Emotional Availability: Capacity to give and receive emotional support.

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18
Q

Describe Dysfunctional Relationships

A

Lack healthy communication, honesty, and intimacy.

Found across all social groups.

Signs include isolation and physical symptoms.

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19
Q

Describe how to Assess Dysfunctional Relationships:

A

Evaluate if the relationship is worth maintaining.

Ending may be necessary in some cases.

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20
Q

Describe emotional abuse

A

Uses fear, humiliation, and verbal/physical assaults to control.

Includes berating, belittling, criticism, threats, and coercion.

Erodes self-confidence and self-worth.

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21
Q

List the three signs of emotional abuse

A

Controlling aspects of the victim’s life.

Humiliation and jealousy.

Threats and coercion.

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22
Q

List possible reasons for cohabitation

A

getting to know, convenience, economics, not living alone.

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23
Q

Describe how Canada’s family structures are changing

A

Traditional families are shifting to diverse forms, including childless, same-sex, re-marriages, stepfamilies, empty-nesters, and multi-generational households.

Census families in Canada increased from 4.1M in 1961 to 9.4M in 2011.

Couples without children are now 29% of households, surpassing those with children at 26.5%.

In 2011, 3.7M couples (39.2%) had children under 24, down from 43.6% in 2001.

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24
Q

Describe current trends in Canada’s family size

A

Large households (five or more people) declined from 32.3% in 1961 to 8.4% in 2011.

Single-person households grew from 9.3% in 1961 to 27.6% in 2011.

Average children per family dropped from 2.7 in 1961 to 1.9 in 2011.

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25
Q

Describe stepfamilies in Canada

A

Stepfamilies represent 12.6% of total families, or one in eight couple families with children.

Around 10% of children under 14 in private households were part of stepfamilies in 2011.

Simple stepfamilies (where all children belong to one partner) are 271,930 cases, and complex stepfamilies account for the rest (192,410 cases).

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26
Q

Define sexual orientation

A

Sexual orientation is attraction to the same sex (homosexuality), opposite sex (heterosexuality), both (bisexuality), or others.

Freud suggested individuals start as bisexual and determine preferences later.

27
Q

Define Heterosexuality

A

Primary attraction to opposite sex, involving societal expectations.

28
Q

Describe homosexuality

A

Attraction to the same sex, commonly known as gay or lesbian.

Debate on biological or social determinants continues.

29
Q

Describe bisexuality

A

Attraction to both sexes, may not always correspond with behavior.

30
Q

Describe Two-Spirit Identity in First Nations Culture

A

First Nations “two-spirit” individuals include gay, lesbian, non-binary gender identities.

Historically held special roles; reclamation of traditions underway.

31
Q

Describe Mixed Messages from Society to adolescents in relation to sexuality

A

Children receive conflicting messages about sex.

Some warned about negatives, leading to reluctance to embrace sexual identity.

Gendered messages; boys pressured to prove virility, girls face provocative media and double standards.

32
Q

Common adolescent concerns around sexuality and body image

A

Worries about sexual identity and performance.

Body image issues, anxiety about penis size, and concerns about sexual satisfaction affect attitudes.

33
Q

Describe the Age of Consent Laws in Canada

A

Canada’s age of consent is 16, raised from 14 in 2008.

Age of consent is 18 in cases of exploitation.

Applies to all sexual activity with exceptions for close-in-age peers.

34
Q

Describe current trends in Canadian Teen Sexual Activity:

A

National surveys show a decline in teen sexual activity and delayed onset.

Among sexually active teens, consistent trends in multiple partners and condom use.

35
Q

Describe Canadian teen pregnancy rates

A

Teen pregnancy rates have shown a declining trend, but recent increases in some provinces.

Concerns about sexual education and contraception access in provinces with rising rates.

36
Q

Sex Work in Canada: Definition and Continuum

A

Adults (19+) exchange sexual services for money.

Includes various settings (outdoor and indoor).

Encompasses erotic and non-erotic practices.

37
Q

Sex Work Legal Frameworks Worldwide

A

Criminalization, partial criminalization, legalization, decriminalization.

Canada follows a toleration system.

38
Q

Sex Work Canadian Legal Context

A

Buying services is illegal and selling sexual services are legal.

Sections of Criminal Code regulate related activities.

39
Q

Describe Characteristics of Sex Workers

A

Diverse backgrounds, genders, orientations, education levels, and ethnicities.

Reasons range from financial need to sexual exploration.

40
Q

Describe Clients of Sexual Services

A

Mostly men, motivations include loneliness, insecurity, companionship, exploration.

Factors include unmet emotional needs, age, dissatisfaction with dating, marketing, and the illicit nature.

41
Q

What is the Mons Pubis?

A

Rounded, fleshy area over pubic bones.

42
Q

What is the Labia Majora?

A

Outer genital folds.

43
Q

What is the Labia Minora?

A

Inner genital folds

44
Q

What is the Clitoris?

A

Sensitive erectile organ at top of inner lips.

45
Q

What is Urethral Opening?

A

Outer opening of urine tube.

46
Q

What is Vaginal Opening?

A

Leads to reproductive organs.

47
Q

What is Perineum?

A

Between vagina and anus.

48
Q

What is Cervix?

A

Womb’s opening.

49
Q

what is Uterus?

A

Primary reproductive organ.

50
Q

What are Ovaries?

A

Produce eggs and hormones.

51
Q

What are the Fallopian Tubes?

A

Transport eggs.

52
Q

What is the Endometrium?

A

Uterine lining.

53
Q

List & Describe the 5 phases of the menstrual cycle

A

Follicular Phase: Stimulates egg growth.

Ovulation: Egg release mid-cycle.

Luteal Phase: Prepares uterus for fertilization.

Menstruation: Shedding uterine lining.

Pregnancy: Hormones support pregnancy.

54
Q

List and describe the 4 Menstrual Changes and Disorders

A

PMS and PMDD: Cycle-related changes.

Dysmenorrhea: Menstrual cramps.

Amenorrhea: Absence of menstruation.

Toxic Shock Syndrome: Rare tampon-related condition.

55
Q

Describe Circumcision and why people choose it

A

Removal of foreskin. Personal choice, cultural, or health reasons.

56
Q

Describe Refractory Phase (men)

A

Temporary arousal inhibition.

57
Q

Describe Erectile Dysfunction (ED) or Impotence and it’s causes

A

Difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse.

Causes include fatigue, diabetes, prostate problems, stress, alcohol use, depression, and medication side effects, with aging as a risk factor.

58
Q

Describe Premature Ejaculation:

A

Ejaculation occurring very quickly after penile penetration.

Distressing for both partners and can be addressed through physical examinations, lifestyle adjustments, and sex therapy.

59
Q

Describe Retarded Ejaculation:

A

Difficulty ejaculating despite having an erect penis.

Treatment options include physical examinations, lifestyle changes, and sex therapy.

60
Q

Classes of Sexual Dysfunction: Describe the 2 Sexual Desire Disorders

A

Inhibited Sexual Desire: Lack of sexual appetite or interest in sexual activity.

Sexual Aversion Disorder: Sexual phobias and anxiety related to sexual contact.

61
Q

Classes of Sexual Dysfunction: Sexual Arousal Disorders in Men

A

Include ED in men, where difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection is the primary issue.

Causes can vary from underlying diseases to psychological factors like depression and performance anxiety.

62
Q

Classes of Sexual Dysfunction: Orgasm Disorders

A

Problems related to achieving orgasm, such as premature ejaculation in men or difficulty achieving orgasm in women.

63
Q

Classes of Sexual Dysfunction: Sexual Pain Disorders:

A

Involve pain experienced during sexual intercourse, such as dyspareunia or vaginismus.