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Question 1

Missouri Compromise

Answer 1

• Missouri applied to be a slave state in 1817, which would throw off slave/free state balance
• Missouri was added on the condition of Maine joining as a free state

Question 2

Dred Scott Case

Answer 2

• Scott was a freed slave living in the North who returned to the South on his on will where his former master’s wife said he was a slave again
• Ruling against the Scott, said that African American were not and could never be citizens of the US

Question 3

Causes of the Civil War

Answer 3

• Election of Lincoln
• South wanted to break away from the North
• State v. Federal Control (South felt that Lincoln was overstepping his boundaries)
• Economics: farming, slave-reliant vs. industrial

Question 4

Reconstruction Era

Answer 4

From 1863 to 1877, ended when President Andrew Johnson declared Civil Rights a state issue
Included: helping newly freed AAs adapt, rebuilding the country (especially the South), reuniting the country,

Question 5

Abraham Lincoln

Answer 5

President during the Civil War, wrote the Emacipation Proclamation, served as President from 1861-1865, abolished slavery, 10% plan (if 10% of states men pledged loyalty to america and the abolishment of slavery, the rest of their gov could form and rejoin the US)

Question 6

Andrew Johnson

Answer 6

President after Lincoln’s assisination, tried to veto the Civil Rights Act of 1866

Question 7

Ku Klux Klan

Answer 7

white supremacist group formed in 1866 to terrorize blacks and pro-equality whites, known for lynchings, intially a social group

Question 8

Sharecroppers

Answer 8

a person provided land in exchange of giving the owner a portion of their crop

Question 9

Scalawags

Answer 9

“traitors” to the South, white Southerners that stood up for newly freed slaves and tried to help them

Question 10

Carpetbaggers

Answer 10

white travelers from the North who came to the South intially for economic gains but ended up helping Scalawags and African Americans

Question 11

The Freedman’s Bureau

Answer 11

Established by Congress in 1865 to help former black slaves
- provided food, education, job opporunities, medical care, built schools, assited with legal battles, etc.

Question 12

Black Codes

Answer 12

local laws made immediately after the Civil War to restirct AA’s rights and make using them for cheap labor legal
modeled after slave codes
limited education opportunities, worshipping without a white present, owning land or guns, etc
applied to all ppl of color (“one drop black…”)

Question 13

Poll Tax

Answer 13

a legal way to prevent AAs from voting, introduced as “a way to fund wars”
people who were employed (so all sharecroppers) had to pay $1 to vote, students/unemployed would pay 20 cents
abolished with the 24th amendment!

Question 14

Grandfather Clause

Answer 14

if your grandfather could vote, then you don’t have to pay poll taxes or go through other voting tests
(basically if ur grandpa couldnt vote, u cant vote –> then ur grandkid cant vote and so on…)

Question 15

Literacy Tests

Answer 15

a voting restrcition, meant to test the competence for uneducated ppl, tests were usually unnecessarily difficult and they made sure no blacks would pass

Question 16

Lynching

Answer 16

racially motivated murder, execution without due process, happened in Southern states from 1850 to the 1950s, illegal hangings were the most common method

Question 17

Jim Crow Era

Answer 17

a form of de jure segregation, laws implemented after the reconstruction era in 1877, made to separate black and white people (“separate but equal” —> maintain white superority)
segregation in public places: bathrooms, water fountains, busses, railroad cars

Question 18

Charles Houston

Answer 18

• grew up in the North, fought in WW1 and saw how unfair blacks were treated
• started fighting Jim Crow by showing how unequal teacher’s salaries were
• lawyer who attended Harvard
• the man who killed Jim Crow

Question 19

Montogomery Bus Boycott

Answer 19

started with Rosa Park’s arrest
lasted for 381 days and successfully ended bus segregation
African Americans refused to ride the busses until they were treated equally (no more whites in front, blacks in back)

Question 20

Little Rock 9

Answer 20

9 students who attended formerly white Central High in 1957, faced much violence and had to be escorted by the military to enter the school safely

Question 21

Emmett Till

Answer 21

14-yr-old chicago boy who got lynched after “flirting” with a store clerk in 1955, his death sparked the Civil Rights Movement and his murderes were found not guilty

Question 22

De Facto and De Jure Segregation

Answer 22

De Facto - how it actually is in reality/society
De Jure - by law, how it is written legally

Question 23

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Answer 23

Signed by LBJ, outlawed discrimination based on race, gender, reglion, national origin

Question 24

Bloody Sunday/March to Birmingham

Answer 24

• peaceful march from Selma to Birmingham to demand equal voting rights
• police attacked protesters

Question 25

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Answer 25

Inspired by Bloody Sunday, gave racial minorities the right to vote, outlawed literacy tests, prohibited voting discrimination, signed by LBJ

Question 26

24th amendment

Answer 26

abolished poll taxes

Question 27

13th amendment

Answer 27

ended slavery

Question 28

14th amendment

Answer 28

all people have equal protection under the law, abolished black codes

Question 29

15th amendment

Answer 29

you can’t be denied the right to vote based on your race

Question 30

Plessy v Ferguson

Answer 30

Homer Plessy on white car to protest Lousiana Car Act, 14th amendment case, ruling against Plessy –> legalized segregation and established “separate but equal”, 7-1 one great dessenter

Question 31

Brown v Board of Ed

Answer 31

ended segregation in schools, saying separate was not equal, 1954