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Husbandry - Exam > Sheep and Goat > Flashcards

Sheep and Goat Flashcards

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1
Q

Length of gravidity

A

150 days

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2
Q

Weight of newborn

A

3-5.5 kg

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3
Q

Number in litter

A

1-3

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4
Q

Sexual maturity

A

Ewes = 5-12 months Rams = 4-5 months

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5
Q

Breeding maturity

A

Ewes = 10-19 months Rams = 8-12 months

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6
Q

Physical maturity

A

2-3 years

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7
Q

Sexual cycle

A
  • 17 days

- Oestrus 24-36 hours

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8
Q

systems of raising sheep

A
  • based on time of lambing
  • fall-lambs
  • early-spring lambs
  • late-spring lambs
  • intense lambing
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9
Q

Fall Lambs

A
  • born before December 25th
  • must have sheep that will breed out of season
  • marketed early spring-june (15-25kg)
  • easter lambs (10-20kg)

ads

  • better prices
  • lower mortality

cons

  • more grain needed
  • hard to get ewes to breed
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10
Q

Early Spring Lambs

A
  • born in January + February
  • marketed before end of june
    cons
  • difficult to get ewes to breed in august
  • more severe weather
  • req more hay, grain + housing
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11
Q

Late Spring Lambs

A 
- born in March, April + May
Ads
- lambing season shorter 
- larger lamb crops
- less grain req
cons
- worse parasite problems 
- need pasture
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12
Q

Accelerated Lambing

A
  • 2 lamb crops in 1 year or 3 in 2 years
  • must use out of season breeders
  • better to use old ewes
  • early weaning of lambs
  • additional feeding of ewes + lambs
    Synchronised breeding
  • forcing ewes to heat, 3-7 days
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13
Q

Breeding season of sheep (why)

A

Autumn (length of day)

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14
Q

Out of season breeders

A
  • fine wool + prolific breeds
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15
Q

Methods of inducing oestrus

A
  • progesterones
  • controlled lighting
  • ram effect
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16
Q

What to do before breeding (rams)

A
  • check rams fertility
  • shear ram 6-8 weeks before
  • use marking system
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17
Q

Yearling ram can breed

A
  • pasture = 15 ewes

- individual = 25-35 ewes

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18
Q

Aged ram can breed

A
  • pasture = 25-30 ewes
  • individual = 35-45 ewes
  • 3 for 100 ewes
19
Q

Crossbred lambs

A 
- recommended for market lambs
ads of lambs
- more rapid gains 
- more hardy
- lower mortality
ads of crossbred
- better fertility
- higher lambing %
20
Q

Gestation management

A
  • allow pregnant exercise
  • shear
  • vaccinate
  • NOT FIRST 30 DAYS
21
Q

Lambing management

A
  • should only assist if necessary
  • clean pens or pasture
  • confirm sheep nurses
  • disinfect navel
22
Q

Management from lambing to weaning

A
  • docking + castration (3-10 days)

- shearing @ time of weaning

23
Q

Early weaning

A
  • 21-90 days
  • eases lactation stress + allows early return to breeding
  • ewes can be milked
24
Q

Late weaning

A
  • 90+ days
  • when ewe comes into heat
  • lower risk of mastitis
  • higher risk of lamb worm infection
25
Q

Low stress weaning

A
  • ewes removed, lambs remain in same place

- far enough they cant hear each other

26
Q

Cull ewes

A
  • after weaning - 15-25%/year
27
Q

Lactation period

A

150-200 days

28
Q

Minimum sheep is sheared ____ a year

A
  • once
29
Q

Crutching

A
  • only won around vulva + udder removed - before lambing
30
Q

Foot growth factors

A
  • breed
  • soil moisture
  • soil characteristics
31
Q

How often should feet be trimmed

A

twice

32
Q

Group housing requirements

A
  • Hay rack, 45cm/ewe

- Watering cups, 2 cups/30 ewes

33
Q

Feeding on pasture requirements

A
  • shelter in summer
34
Q

Complete confinement system

A
  • intensive, year round management

ads

  • no predators
  • parasites reduced
  • automatic feeding
35
Q

Dairy goats

A
  • Seasonal breeders (September-March)

- buck separated, strong odour, effects milk

36
Q

Yearling buck can mate

A

25 does a season

37
Q

Mature buck can mate

A

50 does a season

38
Q

When should kids be put on pasture

A
  • ASAP
39
Q

Weaning of kids

A

5-7 weeks

40
Q

When to separate buck kids

A

2-3 months

41
Q

Lactation period

A
  • 280 days

- 800 kg

42
Q

Breeding season

A
  • twice a year
  • February-March
  • September-October
43
Q

Market age

A
  • 2-3 months

- when replacement does selected

44
Q

Weaning age

A
  • 4-5 months

Husbandry - Exam (4 decks)

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