Skeletal

Question 1

Axial skeleton

Answer 1

the bones of the skull, vertebral column, thorax, and sternum

Question 2

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 2

bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton

Question 3

Compact bone

Answer 3

cortical bone, dense bone in which the bony matrix is solidly filled with organic ground substance and inorganic salts, leaving only tiny spaces that contain the osteocytes, or bone cells

Question 4

Spongy bone

Answer 4

the spicules form a latticework, with interstices filled with embryonic connective tissue or bone marrow.

Question 5

Long bones

Answer 5

those that are longer than they are wide

Question 6

Short bones

Answer 6

are as wide as they are long

Question 7

Flat bones

Answer 7

bones whose principal function is either extensive protection or the provision of broad surfaces for muscular attachment

Question 8

Irregular bones

Answer 8

They often have a fairly complex shape, which helps protect internal organs

Question 9

Diaphysis

Answer 9

elongated shaft of a long bone

Question 10

Periosteum

Answer 10

double layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes the bone

Question 11

Epiphyseal line

Answer 11

The line of junction of the epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone where growth in length occurs

Question 12

Comminuted fracture

Answer 12

break or splinter of the bone into more than two fragments

Question 13

Compression fracture

Answer 13

occurs when the bone collapses, particularly in short bones such as the vertebrae in the spine

Question 14

Depressed fracture

Answer 14

a fracture especially of the skull in which the fragment is depressed below the normal surface

Question 15

Impacted fracture

Answer 15

fracture in which one of the fragments is driven into another fragment

Question 16

Spiral fracture

Answer 16

fracture, sometimes called a torsion fracture, in which a bone has been twisted apart

Question 17

Greenstick fracture

Answer 17

fracture in a young individual in which the bone is partly broken and partly bent

Question 18

Hematoma

Answer 18

A localized swelling that is filled with blood caused by a break in the wall of a blood vessel

Question 19

Cranium

Answer 19

the part enclosing the brain

Question 20

Occipital bone

Answer 20

bone at the lower and posterior part of the skull, consisting of basilar, condylar, and squamous parts and enclosing the foramen magnum

Question 21

Vertebral column

Answer 21

extending from the base of the skull to the coccyx (tailbone) that forms the supporting axis of the body in vertebrate animals. It encloses and protects the spinal cord and provides a stable attachment for the muscles of the trunk. backbone

Question 22

Vertebrae

Answer 22

any of the bones or segments composing the spinal column, consisting typically of a cylindrical body and an arch with various processes, and forming a foramen, or opening, through which the spinal cord passes

Question 23

Intervertebral discs

Answer 23

act as cushions in between vertebrae

Question 24

Cervical vertebrae

Answer 24

the neck, seven cylindrical bones, or vertebral bodies (C1-C7), that provide support and structure for the cervical spine

Question 25

Thoracic vertebrae

Answer 25

comprised of twelve vertebral bodies (T1-T12) that make up the mid-region of the spine

Question 26

Lumbar vertebrae

Answer 26

the five vertebrae between the rib cage and the pelvis

Question 27

Sacrum

Answer 27

triangular bone in the lower back formed from fused vertebrae and situated between the two hipbones of the pelvis

Question 28

Coccyx

Answer 28

The small tail-like bone at the bottom of the spine very near to the anus

Question 29

Sternum

Answer 29

the breastbone, is a long, narrow flat bone

Question 30

Ribs

Answer 30

the long curved bones around the chest which form the rib cage

Question 31

Clavicle

Answer 31

two slender bones, each articulating with the sternum and a scapula and forming the anterior part of a shoulder

Question 32

Scapulae

Answer 32

large, flat, triangular bones that lie against the ribs in the upper back and provide attachments for the bone and muscles of the upper arm

Question 33

Humerus

Answer 33

the bone of the upper arm or forelimb, forming joints at the shoulder and the elbow

Question 34

Radius

Answer 34

the forearm, the other being the ulna. It extends from the lateral side of the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist and runs parallel to the ulna

Question 35

Ulna

Answer 35

bone of the forearm that extends from the elbow to the wrist on the side opposite to the thumb

Question 36

Carpal bones

Answer 36

small bones that make up the wrist that connects the hand to the forearm

Question 37

Pelvic girdle

Answer 37

cartilaginous arch that supports the hind limbs of a vertebrate, that corresponds to the shoulder girdle of the forelimbs but is usually more rigid and firmly attached to the spinal column,

Question 38

Femur

Answer 38

the bone of the thigh or upper hind limb, articulating at the hip and the knee

Question 39

Tibia

Answer 39

inner and typically larger of the two bones between the knee and the ankle, parallel with the fibula

Question 40

Fibula

Answer 40

the outer and usually smaller of the two bones between the knee and the ankle in humans, parallel with the tibia