Skeletal and Respiratory Systems

Question 1

What is the skeletal system?

Answer 1

The human skeletal system is made up of 206 bones and it is important for allowing movement. It supports and protects the body.

Question 2

What are tendons and ligaments?

Answer 2

Muscles and bones are connected by tendons and ligaments. Tendons are the tough bands which attach muscles to bones. When a muscle contracts, it will pull the bone around the joint.

Question 3

What are joints?

Answer 3

Joints are hinges where two bones meet. They allow movement in the body.

Question 4

What are antagonistic muscles?

Answer 4

Antagonistic muscles are pairs of muscles that work against each other. One muscle contracts while the other relaxes and vice versa.

Question 5

What is an example of antagonistic pair of muscles?

Answer 5

An example of an antagonistic pair of muscles are bicep and tricep muscles in the arm. The bicep causes your arm to flex, whereas the tricep straightens it.

Question 6

What are veins and arteries?

Answer 6

Veins and arteries are both types of blood vessels. Blood is pumped around the body by the heart. Arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins carry blood back to the heart.

Question 7

What are the parts of the Respiratory System?

Answer 7

Nasal Cavity
Soft palate
Food pipe (oesophagus)
Trachea (wind pipe)
Larynx (voicebox)
Heart
Rib
Diaphragm
Lung
Intercostal muscle
Bronchus
Air sacs (alveoli)

Question 8

What is inhaling and exhaling?

Answer 8

Inhaling is breathing in and exhaling is breathing out.

Question 9

What happens in your body when you breathe in?

Answer 9

When you breathe in, the diaphragm moves down and the ribs move up. This increases the volume of the chest cavity, which decreases the pressure; so air rushes in to fill the lungs.

Question 10

What happens in your body when you breathe out?

Answer 10

When you breathe out, the diaphragm moves up and the ribs move down, decreasing the volume of the chest cavity consequently increasing the pressure. Air will then rush out of the lungs.

Question 11

What happens during gas exchange?

Answer 11

1) Air is inhaled in the lungs
2) Some of the oxygen in the inhaled air passes into the bloodstream to be used in respiration
3) Carbon Dioxide is a waste product of respiration; in the lungs it passes out of the blood and is then breathed out
4) The gases pass into or out of the bloodstream by diffusion

Question 12

How are lungs adapted for gas exchange?

Answer 12

Lungs are adapted for gas exchange because:

they’re moist
they have a good blood supply
the alveoli (air sacs) give the lungs a large surface area