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Pe - paper 1 > Skeletal system > Flashcards

Skeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 functions of the skeleton?

A
  1. Protection
  2. Support and shape
  3. Blood cell production
  4. Movement
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2
Q

What are ligaments?

A

Connect bone to bone

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3
Q

What are tendons?

A

Connect muscle to bone

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4
Q

What is the periosteum?

A

Where the ligaments and tendons attach to the bone

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5
Q

What is articular cartilage?

A

Placed where 2 or more bones meet acts as a cushion and prevents friction

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6
Q

What is bone marrow?

A

Where blood cells are made

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7
Q

What are growth plates?

A

The weakest part of the bone - where growing takes place

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8
Q

What is the epiphysis?

A

The end of the bone

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9
Q

What is diaphysis?

A

The middle of the bone

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10
Q

What is a joint?

A

This is where 2 or more bones meet

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11
Q

What are fibrous joints?

A

These do not allow any movement.
Eg; Cranium

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12
Q

What is a cartilaginous joint?

A

Allows a small amount of movement
Eg; ribs when you breath

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13
Q

What is a synovial joint?

A

Freely movable joint

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14
Q

Parts of a synovial joint

A

Articular cartilage
Synovial membrane
Joint capsule
Ligaments
Bursa
Meniscus
Pad of fat

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15
Q

What is articular cartilage?

A

Material which covers the end of the bone
Prevent friction

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16
Q

What is a synovial membrane?

A

linning under joint capual which produced synovial fluid

17
Q

What is a joint capsual?

A

Fibrous sac which contains synovial fluid

18
Q

What are ligaments?

A

Elastic connective tissue which connects bone to muscle
Aids stability

19
Q

What is a bursa?

A

Sac filled with synovial fluid.

20
Q

What is a meniscus?

A

A wedge of articular cartilage.

21
Q

What is a pad of fat?

A

There to absorb shock and prevent friction

22
Q

What are the types of synovial joints?

A
  1. Ball and socket
  2. Hinge joint
  3. Pivot joint
  4. Gliding joint
  5. Condyloid joint
23
Q

Example for a ball and socket joint

A

Shoulder and hip

24
Q

Example of a hinge joint

A

Ankle, knee and elbow

25
Q

Example of a pivot joint

A

Neck

26
Q

Example of a gliding joint

A

Vertebral column

27
Q

Example of a condyloid joint

A

Wrist

Pe - paper 1 (2 decks)

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