Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Infection > Skin and Soft Tissue > Flashcards

Skin and Soft Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What is Impetigo?

A

Superficial skin infection
Multiple vascular lesions on an erythematous base
Golden crust = suggestive
Due to = S. aureus or Strep. pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Impetigo treatment?

A

Topical antibiotics

Large areas = topical and oral antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Erysipelas?

A 
Infection of the upper dermis
Painful red area
Associated fever
Regional lymphadenopath
Distinct elevated borders
Most common = S. pyogenes
In lower limbs or face
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Cellulitis?

A 
Diffuse skin infection involving deep skin and fat
No distinct border
S. pyogenes and S. aureus
Fever is common
Regional lymphadenopathy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are Cellulitis predisposing factors?

A

T2DM
Tinea pedis
Lymphoedema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the Treatment of erysipelas and cellulitis?

A

Anti-staph/strep antibiotics

In extensive disease = IV antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Folliculitis?

A 
Pustular infection of hair follicle 
up to 5mm in diameter
Central area of purulence that may rupture
On head, back buttocks and extremities 
S. aureus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Furunculosis?

A

Referred to as boils
Single hair follicle-associated inflammatory nodule
Into dermis and sub-cut
In most, hairy and friction skin areas
S. aureus
(Obesity, T2DM, dermatitis, CKD + steroid use)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a Carbuncle?

A

Involves multiple furuncles
Neck and posterior
Purulent material
Constitutional symptoms common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the treatment of hair-associated infections?

A 
Folliculitis = no treatment
Furunculosis = no treatment but may need oral antibiotics
Carbuncles = surgery and IV antibiotics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Necrotising fasciitis?

A

Emergency
Any site affected
(T2DM, surgery, trauma, PVD, skin popping)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are typical organisms of necrotising fasciitis?

A 
Type 1 = aerobic and anaerobic
Strep
Staph
Enterococci
Gram negative
Clostridium

Type 2 = strep pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is necrotising fasciitis presentation?

A

Rapid
Erythema, extensive oedema and severe pain
Haemorrhagic bullae, necrosis and crepitus
Systemic features = hypo, tachy, delirium and organ failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the treatment of necrotising fasciitis?

A

Surgery
Imaging may delay treatment
BS antibiotics
Overall mortality is 17-40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Pyomyositis?

A

Purulent infection within striated muscles - manifests as an abcess
Thigh, calf, arm, glutes, chest and psoas
Fever, pain and induration of affected muscle
Untreated= septic shock
S. aureus
CT/MRI and drain with antibiotic cover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Septic bursitis?

A 
Patellar and olecranon
Infection from adjacent skin infection
Swelling, fever and pain on movement
Aspirate fluid
S. aureus
17
Q

What is Infectious tenosynovitis?

A

Infection of synovial sheaths surrounding tendons
Hand commonly involved
Penetrating trauma is common cause
S. aureus and strep
Finger swelling in a semi-flexed position
Antibiotics and hand surgeon review

18
Q

What is Toxin mediated syndromes?

A

Due to superantigens
Do not activate immune system via normal contact between APC and T cell (directly to T cell)
Massive cytokine release = shock, organ failure and death
S. aureus and S. pyogenes

19
Q

What is toxic shock syndrome?

A

Fever, hypotension, macular rash, multiple organs involved
S. aureus
Production of TSST1

Strep = deep seated and higher mortality - requires debridement

20
Q

What is TSS treatment?

A 
Remove offending agent
IV fluids
Inotropes
Antibiotics
IV immunoglobins
21
Q

What is Staph scalded skin syndrome?

A

Infection of S. aureus producing exfoliative toxin A or B
Widespread bullae and skin exfoliation
IV fluids and antimicrobials

22
Q

What is Panton-Valentine syndrome?

A 
Gamma haemolysin
S. aureus
Cause SSTI and haemorrhagic pneumonia 
Boils which are difficult to treat
Antibiotics that reduce toxin production
23
Q

What happens in IV catheter associated infections?

A 
Nosocomial infection
local inflammation progressing to cellulitis and necrosis
S. aureus
Biofilm into blood
Diagnosis by cultures
Remove and give antibiotics for 14 days
24
Q

What are the stages of surgical site infections?

A 
1 = clean wound
2 = clean-contaminated
3 = contaminated
4 = infected wound

Infection (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions