Skin Conditions

Question 1

What are moulds and freckles?

Answer 1

Benign, noncancerous tumours

Question 2

Describe acute eczema and chronic eczema

Answer 2

Acute eczema = rapidly progressing red swollen papulovesicular odematous rash
Chronic eczema = Associated itch results in thickening (lichenification) and pigmentary changes

Question 3

What is the difference between macule and papule?

Answer 3

Macule is less than 1cm.

Papule is more than 1cm.

Question 4

When is ointment or cream given for topical steroids?

Answer 4

Ointment is used for dry eczema. Creams for exudative or wet eczema.

Question 5

Give an example of mild topical steroids for eczema.

Answer 5

1% hydrocortisone

Question 6

Describe wet dressings

Answer 6

Cooling bandages - layer of wet dressing below a layer of dry dressing

Question 7

What can cause lichenified skin?

Answer 7

Chronic irritation such as eczema and constant rubbing or scratching of skin can cause lichenification.

Question 8

What is seborrhoeic dermatitis/eczema?

Answer 8

Chronic eczema affecting the face, scalp and torso.

Question 9

What are the differences between acute eczema and chronic eczema?

Answer 9

Acute eczema: Weeping and crusting; blistering, usually with vesicles; redness, papules and swelling (usually with ill-defined borders); scaling.

Chronic eczema: Less vesicular and exudative; more scaly, pigmented and thickened; more lichenification; more likely to fissure

Question 10

What are pustules

Answer 10

Bulging patch of skin that is full of pus

Question 11

What is another name for “skin tags”?

Answer 11

Acrochordon

Question 12

What are melanocytic naevi also known as?

Answer 12

Moles

Question 13

What are the 3 types of melanocytic naevi?

Answer 13

Junctional, intradermal and compound (both junctional and intradermal)

Question 14

What occurs with maturation of junctional melanocytic naevi?

Answer 14

with maturation, the junctional component disappears as abnormal melanocytes cluster in the dermis.

Question 15

What are the types of malignant epidermal tumours?

Answer 15

Basal cell carcinoma. squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma.

Question 16

An early warning sign of skin cancer is the development of ___(a)___, a skin lesion that is caused by over exposure to the sun.

Answer 16

development of actinic keratoses.

Question 17

What are the 2 most common skin cancers? Which is more common than the other?

Answer 17

Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common, followed by squamous cell carcinoma.

Question 18

What is telangiectasia and which type of skin cancer - SCC or BCC - is mostly associated with it?

Answer 18

Telangiectasia is dilated blood vessels at the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. Basal cell carcinoma is most commonly associated with it.

Question 19

What is panniculitis?

Answer 19

It is inflammation of the subcutaneous fats.

Question 20

What is the most common cause of Erythema Multiforme? Second most common?

Answer 20

Most common: Infection by HSV-1

Second most common: Infection by bacteria, Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

Question 21

How many days after an infection with HSV will the rashes seen in Erythema Multiforme appear?

Answer 21

3 to 14 days

Question 22

What is the management of Erythema Multiforme?

Answer 22

Usually no treatment needed, because it will resolve without complications.
Oral acyclovir can be given if HSV infected. Or oral antibiotics like eyrthromycin, if Mycoplasma Pneumoniae is the cause.

Question 23

Describe Nodular Prurigo

Answer 23

Nodular Prurigo is a skin condition characterised by very itchy firm lumps. The nodules are often ulcerated or crusted, and tends to be symmetrically distributed.

Question 24

What are the treatments for Nodular Prurigo?

Answer 24

1. Emollients applied frequently to cool and soothe itchy skin, menthol may be added.
2. Oral histamines to relieve itch
3. Ultra-potent topical steroids
4. Coal tar treatment as steroid alternative

Question 25

Mycosis Fungoides. Give another name for this condition and describe it.

Answer 25

Mycosis Fungoides is a.k.a. Cutaneous T cell lymphoma.
Cancerous cells in the body travels to the upper surface of the skin and forms an itchy rash that resembles eczema. Rash can spread and develop into tumours on the skin or travel to other organs.