Slide specific Assessment 1 flash cards

Question 1

What does ADL stand for?

Answer 1

Activities of Daily living

Question 2

What does IADL stand for?

Answer 2

Instrumental activities of daily living

Question 3

What is Occupational Performance?

Answer 3

Completing meaningful activities by a person, groups or populations.

Question 4

What is Functional Anatomy

Answer 4

Underlying body structures that contribute to movements and daily function. Includes motor skills.

Question 5

What is functional Mobility?

Answer 5

Moving from one position or place to another such as changing positions in bed, transferring or walking.

Question 6

What is Surface Anatomy?

Answer 6

Features that are palpable or visible on the surface of the skin.

Question 7

What is a bony landmark?

Answer 7

Component of bone that protrudes underneath the skin.

Question 8

What is the correct anatomical position?

Answer 8

Standing upright
Feet apart
Head forward
Arms at sides
Palms forward

Question 9

What does posterior relate too?

Answer 9

Back or Dorsal

Question 10

What does anterior relate to?

Answer 10

Front, Volar or Ventral

Question 11

Describe attributes associated with the sagittal plane

Answer 11

Divides body into left and right side
Midsagittal plane is in the center (Midline)
Flexion and extension movements

Question 12

Describe attributes associated with the frontal plane

Answer 12

Also called the coronal plane
Divides body into anterior and posterior portions
Abduction and adduction movements

Question 13

Describe attributes associated with the transverse plane

Answer 13

Divides body into inferior and superior portions
Rotatory movements

Question 14

What is an ellipsoid joint?

Answer 14

Oval shaped convex end articulates with elliptical concave basin of another.

Motion around 2 axes

Example: Radiocarpal joint

Question 15

What is a gliding joint?

Answer 15

2 flat surfaces of adjacent bones
Least movement
Translation (gliding) movements between surfaces

Example: Carpal bones of the wrist

Question 16

What are the two main approaches in the context of occupational therapy within a physical health setting?

Answer 16

Biomechanical
Biopsychosocial

Question 16

What is biomechanics and what is its approach?

Answer 16

To diagnose disfunction, we first need to understand what ‘normal’ function is.

What is normal & what is abnormal?

Biomechanics is the science of
living body movement.

It including how muscles, Tendons, Ligaments and bones work together to move?

Biomechanics helps us understand why, the
human body moves the way it
does, in both optimal
conditions and not.

Question 17

When and who published the bio-psycho-social approach?

Answer 17

George L Engel
1977

Question 18

What are the key differences between the biomedical model and social model of health?

Answer 18

1. According to the biomedical model, health is an individuals responsibility and refers to an objective biological state characterized by the absence of illness (Germov, 2019).
2. In contrast, the social model defines health as a social construct. This is influenced by social factors including a person’s living conditions, working condition, political, and social environments.

Question 19

List each element that goes into the Biopsychosocial approach.

Answer 19

Health conditions
Body structures function and impairment
Activities and there limitations
Participation and Restrictions
Environment and Barriers
Personal factors.

Question 20

What does ICF-DH stand for?

Classification

Answer 20

International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

Question 21

What are the different aims of the ICF

Answer 21

A process for understanding health
* Health related states
* Outcomes
* Determinants
* Changes in health status and functioning.

• Establishes a common language for health and health related states in order to **improve communication **between Healthcare workers
• Researchers
• Policy makers
• Public
• People with disabilities.

Promotes comparison of data across countries, healthcare disciplines, services and time.

Provides a systematic coding scheme for health information systems.

Question 22

Define mass

Answer 22

Mass is the measure of the amount of
matter in a body and the units are kg.
Mass is a measurement of an
objects tendency to resist changing its
state of motion, known as inertia.

Question 23

Define weight

Answer 23

Weight is a measure of downward
force exerted on a body - it is the
product of mass and gravity and
measured in Newtons.

Question 24

Define center of gravity

Answer 24

Centre of gravity/mass - An imaginary point
in a body where the total weight of the
body may be thought to be concentrated. In a
human this is usually around the belly button.

Our center of gravity will change with our
positioning and also when weight distribution
is changed such as during pregnancy, when
carrying a heavy bag on your back, or
following injury or during illness.

Question 25

Define base of support

Answer 25

The base of support (BOS)
refers to the area beneath an
object or person that includes
every point of contact that the
object or person makes with
the supporting surface.

Question 26

What is the line of gravity?

Answer 26

The line of gravity (LoG)
is an imaginary vertical
line passing from the
centre of gravity (CoG)
to the ground.

Question 27

What is functional stability?

Answer 27

Functional (dynamic) stability:
▪ Stability required for an individual to perform a particular task in a specific environmental
context
▪ Depends on body structure and function, personal & environmental factors

Question 28

What are 3 ways you can increase stability?

Answer 28

▪ Increase base of support and maintain LOG within its boundaries
▪ Increase surface area and friction of points of contact with ground
▪ Carry objects close to body and distribute weight as evenly as possible

Question 29

Name the 5 different attributes of positioning.

Answer 29

Position:
▪ static location of an
object or individual in space
▪ Body’s general position
▪ Angles
▪ Dimensions
▪ Location within environment

Question 30

What are pressure sores?

Answer 30

Pressure sores:
▪ Areas of high pressure
▪ Often involve a bony
prominence (area where a
bone protrudes beneath skin)

Question 31

What are the 3 P’s of positioning?

Answer 31

Posture:
▪ Changing segments of the body in response to the demands of an acivity.

Postural alignment:
▪ Collective position of these body segments at any given moment
▪ Necessary for occupational performance

Postural control:
▪ Ability to achieve or maintain a balanced body position for a given activity
▪ Voluntary and involuntary adjustments

Question 32

What 3 attributes go into standing posture?

Answer 32

Standing posture:
▪ Neutral alignment of the joints of the body
▪ Level pelvis supporting the natural curvature
of the spine

Quiet standing:
▪ Upper body vertically balanced above pelvis
▪ Supporting head, neck, and upper extremities

Postural sway:
▪ Small movements from side to side and front
to back

Question 33

What 4 elements go into seated posture?

Answer 33

▪ Neutral pelvic tilt
▪ Upright trunk with balanced curvature of spine
▪ Neutral head and neck
▪ Ears aligned with the shoulders

Question 34

Define Ergonomics

Answer 34

The study of human interaction and efficiency within the work environment

Question 35

What is posture and occupation?
HRRR

Answer 35

Posture is affected by roles, habits,
routines, and rituals.

Question 36

Name all synovial joints and thier locations

Answer 36

Hinge (Elbow)
Saddle (Carpometacarpal joint)
Planar (acromioclavicular joint)
Pivot (atlantoaxial joint)
Condyloid (Metacarpophalangeal joint)
Ball and socket (Hip joint)