Soc 15 -16 Cardiovascular Fitness Structure Of Blood Vessels Flashcards
(24 cards)
What makes up the cardiovascular system
Heart and blood vessels
3 main functions of cardiovascular systems
Transport oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients
Helps blood clot
Regulates body temperature
How does the body clot blood
Blood contains platelets which forms scabs and stops bleeding and enables healing. In some sports cuts are common so this is important
Why does the heart transport blood
Transports oxygen to clear lactic acid
Carries nutrients for energy
Carries waste products from the body
How does the cardiovascular system regulate body temperature
If you get too hot the blood vessels close to the skin get bigger (vasodilation). Blood diverted to the surface to allow more heat to radiate out.
The opposite happens when you are cold (vasoconstriction).
What is vascular shunting
When blood is diverted from certain areas of the body to the other, so that muscles have an adequate supply of oxygen to provide energy to meet the demands of the activity.
What are the two phases of a heartbeat
Systolic phase
Diastolic phase
What happens in the systolic phase of a heartbeat
Blood is pumped from both atria to ventricles
Then they both contract
Pushing
What is blood pressure
Blood pressure is a measure of the force that your heart uses to pump the blood around your body
What are the components of blood (4)
White blood cells
Red blood cells
Platelets
Plasma
What does a WBC do
Defence system of the body
Produce antibodies to fight against infection and diseases
What does a RBC do
Transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s cells and carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs
Contain haemoglobin, which stores oxygen and carbon dioxide
What are platelets
Tiny fragments that clump together and help blood clot, formed in bone marrow.
First line of defence in the repair of a wound
What does plasma do
Takes oxygen,nutrients,hormones and protein to parts of the body that need it.
Cells also put their waste products into the plasma. The plasma helps remove the waste from the body
What is the immune system
The structures and processes in your body that stop disease
What is thrombokinase
Substance involved in blood clotting
What is serotonin
Hormone that triggers the clotting process
What is plasma
The fluid part of blood
What is an erythrocyte
Red blood cell
What is haemoglobin
A red protein in the blood that transports oxygen
What is anaemia
A condition where there is a lack or red cells or haemoglobin in the blood
What is a leukocyte
White blood cell
What is a pathogen
An agent that causes disease, such as a virus
What is an antibody
Chemical that destroys a pathogen
